The paper is devoted to modelling the corruption perception index in panel data framework. As corruption index is bounded from below and above, traditional econometric multiple regression will produce a bad quality model. In order to correct that, we propose a mathematical framework for modelling bounded variables implementing a logistic function. It is shown that corruption is best explained by GDP per capita and all other major macroeconomic indicators cannot add any statistically significant improvement to the models' accuracy. Thus, we assume, that society wealthiness facilitates the reduction of corruption acts. Indeed, if some individual lives in a society that does not experiences almost any shortage of resources of whatever kind, the less interested this person is in getting wealthier by applying some corruption schemes. These methods are rather popular in less wealthy countries, where temptation to engage into corruption is higher, since it can drastically increase individual's utility function. Therefore, in this research we assert, that the growth of wealth in a society makes corruption recede and not the other way around (reducing corruption helps increase GDP per capita). However, the most counterintuitive finding of this research is the fact, that GDP per capita, adjusted by purchasing power parity, produces the model of a worse quality then just using plain GDP per capita. This fact can be tentatively explained by the flaws in the methodology of calculating these adjustments, since the basket of goods varies drastically across the countries.

develops the 3-overlapping-circles sustainability model in the context of CSR performance indicators. The data in this study represents scores of 34 major Russian companies, which operate domestically and abroad, in particular, in developing regions like Africa. The mathematical methods like regression has approved the link between environmental innovations and ESG level. It is the first empirical research using this approach for analysis of CSR performance indicators in Russia, because the same data was unavailable before. The paper suggests that environmental innovations and ESG level is linked to Russian largest companies. If business is stimulated towards environmental innovations and R&D. It gives more projects and make the ESG level higher. Paper proposes the concept of TBL in Russian companies for increasing level of ESG and business performance (EBITDA). Understanding how 3-overlapping-circles model implementation can improve CSR performance indicators is a significant question. In addition, we analyzed regression of CSR performance indicators in 2018 year for Russian large companies to find the optimal solution.

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Paper proposes the method of evaluating costs for bioenergy supply in Russia based on energy analysis. The main deterrent factor is not as much limited resources as the marginal cost of production biofuels and the possibility of using cost-effective ways reducing greenhouse gas emissions, including capturing and carbon storage, alternative forms of renewable energy and energy efficiency and energy savings. In this situation, the possibility of progressive development of the global market for biofuels can only be achieved by fundamental changes in the industry determined by the peculiarities of development scientific and technological progress. The authors also identifies a number of factors of technological, economic financial nature constraining the large-scale implementation of scientific technical advances in bioenergy. Comparing the innovation policy of various countries of the world, paper notes that industrialized countries have a high level of investment in R and D in the field of biofuel technologies.

A feature of financial management is the uncertainty of the time of the onset of a planned event, referred to the future. Financial management (a widely understood monetary policy) is probabilistic. Information and analytical support for hedging proceeds from the requirements of technical and fundamental analysis, based on a series of archival data. A relatively new component of this system is the widespread practice of consensus forecasting of such key indicators as profitability of securities, exchange rates, money in circulation (M0), and central bank refinancing rates. This article describes the results of a study of leading indicator models specifically designed for the financial sector and financial market, taking into account the expectations of professional market participants.

This review is dedicated to the analytical literature concerning the dynamics of different approaches to renewable energy promotion. Examples of major types of green energy incentives, including carbon tax, Feed-in Tariffs, and investments in research and development are covered in the paper, as well as the barriers and limitations to such practices and the contradictions existing in the field of renewable energy. The dynamics of the means of green energy promotion over this period have been addressed. This review analyzes energy considerations and the importance of raising public awareness on the issue. The evidence collected through the literature analysis, has proven that despite of a significant amount of work done in the field in the transition to the renewable energy sources, including the implementation of various incentives, controversial aspects remain that demand attention both from economists and policymakers. Modern best practices in the field of green energy incentives can be based on government initiatives or stem from the private sector. The most widely used policies for renewable energy promotion discussed in the reviewed studies are tax incentives; however, at the same time, numerous countries are providing fossil fuels subsidies to minimize the level of inequality. Finally, the outlook of different practices concerning financing of the transition from traditional energy sources to renewable ones is presented.

The article aims to outline approaches to the study of a harmonized model of forecasting, strategic planning and expectations of business communities. In the Introduction, the idea of transformation of planning to the dominance of the network approach instead of the dominance of centralization is substantiated. Materials and methods. The key aspects of the expediency of applying the experience of centralized planning under state ownership, providing information resources and applying modern high-tech methods for collecting, processing and analytically presenting materials to improve the effectiveness of preventive decisions, introducing a backbone component of leading indicators into network planning are considered. Results and discussion. The article includes innovative proposals for using the technology of leading indicators and increasing the role of horizontal links in planning with their help. It is concluded that it is necessary to shift the semantic emphasis in discussions on the development of planning to the harmonization of planning, forecasting and development parameters expected by business communities.

The article reveals the main conditions of the models of leading indicators of financing terms. New methodological requirements for researching models of leading indicators of financing terms are revealed. In particular, the requirements for taking into account new criteria are described: the inertia of the expectations of participants in the financial market, the different sizes of microcycles in the segments of exchange, the relativity of the assessment of factors that form the terms of financial intermediation, as well as the flows of information oriented to the financial market. The areas of application of the described approach by the institutional units of the financial sector and in the practice of exchange trading in the financial market are indicated.