Background/Aims Facial trauma arising from traffic accidents is one of the most prevalent injuries in urban trauma centers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency, types, and costs associated with osteosynthesis material used in facial fractures of traffic accident victims seen at the Hospital da Restauração, Recife/PE, Brazil, from January to December 2014. Materials and methods Data were collected from the medical records of hospitalized patients submitted to surgery under general anesthesia for the treatment of facial fractures during the period. The data were analyzed descriptively by calculating absolute frequencies, percentages, and means. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.21.0. Results Among the patients, 73.1% were victims of motorcycle accidents that led to higher costs as they were the most prevalent injuries. Mandibular fractures were the most prevalent injury (53.5%). A total of 477 osteosynthesis materials were used, of which 76.51% were a 2.0‐mm plate system, 15.51% were a 1.5‐mm plate system, 3.14% were a 2.4‐mm plate system, 3.77% titanium meshes, 0.83% lag screws, and 0.2% steel wires. The use of these materials for the treatment of facial fractures resulted in a cost of US $51.285,00 for the Brazilian public health system. Conclusion The increase in the number of traffic accidents implies significant numbers of victims with facial fractures, as well as considerable costs associated with the use of osteosynthesis materials for public health services.

Objetivo: Revisar a literatura acerca da osteorradionecrose em região de Cabeça e Pescoço, enfatizando sua fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e suas modalidades terapêuticas. Revisão bibliográfica: A osteorradionecrose (ORN) é um grave efeito adverso do tratamento radioterápico das neoplasias que acometem a região de cabeça e pescoço. De uma forma geral, a ORN afeta negativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. As modalidades terapêuticas variam desde a antibioticoterapia local e/ou sistêmica, associadas ou não, aos tratamentos cirúrgicos e terapias regenerativas. Apesar de menos frequentes, terapias com laser de baixa potência associado a terapia fotodinâmica e a oxigenoterapia hiperbárica também são utilizados nos casos de ORN para potencializar e acelerar o processo de reparo, restabelecendo a fisiologia tecidual diminuindo as intervenções cirúrgicas e mutilações. Considerações finais: A prevenção da osteorradionecrose é essencial para prover qualidade de vida aos pacientes submetidos à radioterapia. A terapêutica deve ser minuciosa e avaliada por todos os profissionais envolvidos no processo. A adequação do meio bucal e cirurgias orais antes de iniciar a radioterapia ainda é o tratamento ideal para prevenir a osteorradionecrose.

Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a benign neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of odontogenic epithelium that mainly affects the gnathic bones and, due to its invasive and expansive growth, presents high rates of recurrence to surgical treatment. Among the most conservative treatments are enucleation and marsupialization; among radicals, resections are more widespread. Objective: The objective is to present, through a case report, conservative surgical treatment with enucleation followed by the use of the Carnoy solution. Case report: A 24-year-old male patient arrives at the outpatient clinic of Hospital da Restauração with painful complaints of mild and constant intensity in the region of the left mandibular angle, with an evolution of three weeks. After a panoramic X-ray, the presence of the included 38 tooth was associated with an extensive unilocular radiolucent lesion, surrounding the angle and mandibular ramus. Preoperative examinations were performed for incisional biopsy. Histopathological diagnosis was unicystic ameloblastoma. In view of the histopathology obtained, we opted for enucleation of the lesion with concomitant use of direct Carnoy solution in the region of the lesion. Discussion: The choice of therapeutic behavior depends on the size, type of lesion, location and histopathology. After the surgical decision, a radiographic clinical follow-up is necessary to assess possible recurrences. Carnoy's solution is a cauterizing agent with moderate tissue penetration, rapid local fixation and hemostatic action, whose surgical use in cystic lesions has occurred since the beginning of the 20th century. Conclusion: Conservative treatment with the enucleation technique followed by complementary therapy using Carnoy's solution proved to be quite effective.

Objetivo: Revisar a literatura sobre os diversos aspectos relacionados ao uso da sedação consciente na prática odontológica, bem como os métodos de sedação, visando divulgar o conhecimento sobre essas técnicas. Revisão bibliográfica: O controle da ansiedade é um constante desafio durante o atendimento odontológico. A aplicação das técnicas de sedação traz consigo diversas vantagens que auxiliam no tratamento de pacientes especiais e crianças, permitindo a redução dos quadros de ansiedade. Diversas técnicas e fármacos, como os benzodiazepínicos, óxido nitroso, anti-histamínicos, opioides, hidrato de cloral e o fitoterápico Valeriana officinalis foram discutidos no presente estudo, destacando-se os mecanismos de ação, vias de administração, vantagens e desvantagens clínicas e o principais efeitos adversos associados com cada método. Considerações finais:  A sedação consciente proporciona um maior conforto durante a realização de tratamentos odontológicos, especialmente em crianças e pacientes com necessidades especiais. Diversos  fármacos com propriedades sedativas e hipnóticas estão disponíveis no mercado, cada um com suas vantagens e desvantagens clínicas. O conhecimento sobre as variados métodos capazes de diminuir a ansiedade frente aos tratamentos odontológicos proporciona um melhor controle comportamental e bem estar dos pacientes durantes os atendimentos.