The main factor influencing catfish farming activities is the use of feed. Catfish feed in the form of fish pellets has a relatively expensive price, thereby reducing profits in catfish farming, so alternative feeds are needed. An alternative feed that has the potential to be used in catfish farming is BSF (Black Soldier Fly) maggot. This BSF maggot has a high nutritional content, namely 42-45% protein, 31-35% fat, 20% ash residue. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of using a mixture of BSF maggot and pellets on the growth of catfish. The feed given to catfish is fish pellet, a mixture of fish pellet with BSF maggot, and BSF maggot. This study used a completely randomized design method (CRD) with 4 different treatments of BSF maggot percentage, each treatment had 5 replications with. The variations used were 0% BSF maggot and 100% fish pellet, 25% BSF maggot and 75% fish pellet, 75% BSF maggot and 25% fish pellet, and 100% BSF maggot. Feeds are given 3% of total body weight of the fishes. The results showed that feed variations with 0% BSF maggot and 100% fish pellet is the best feed for increasing length and weight with 2,467 cm and 12,67 gr growth but has a low survival rate with only 20% thus making the EFU value 16,72% which is relatively low. On the other hand feed variation with 25% BSF maggot and 75% fish pellets is the second best for increasing length and weight with 2,3 cm and 10,8 gr growth and has a really high survival rate with 90% thus making the EFU highest value 64,15%.
Indonesia is the third largest cacao producer and exporter in the world after Ghana and Ivory Coast. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the metal elements that is often found contained in cacao plants which usually accumulates in cacao bean. Excessive accumulation of Cadmium (Cd) can cause harmful effects on soil, plants, microorganisms, and humans. Soil properties such as texture and pH closely related to Cd elements transportation from soil to cacao bean through plant uptake. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of metal cadmium (Cd) in cacao plantation soil in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta and its correlation with soil properties. Soil samples in Banjarharjo village were taken from 10 location of different cacao farm and then divided into two types: disturbed with 2 different lengths (0 -10 cm and 10 -20 cm) and undisturbed. Land conditions and farm management (tree age, treatment, other type of trees, and environment) was recorded from interview to the farmers. The soil texture (silt, clay, sand), particle density, bulk density, organic content, and soil pH ranging between silt (26,82 %), clay (22,26 %) and sand (11.96 %) until silt (39.24 %), clay (52.09 %) and sand (49.04 %); 1.85 g/cm 3 until 2.52 g/cm3; 0.66 g/cm 3 until 1.08 g/cm 3 ; 0.48 % until 5.76 %; and 5.85 until 7.68, respectively. The AOAC method was used to measure the Cd content with instrument using ICP-MS. Cd content in soil ranging between 0.105 mg/kg until 0.27 mg/kg with The highest concentration of Cd in cacao farm soil 0 -10 cm were found in location 6 and cacao farm soil in 10 -20 cm were found in locations 6 and 9. This result showed that 10 sites of cacao farms in Banjarharjo were below the critical limit of Cd in agricultural soil based on EU (3 mg kg -1 ) and US EPA (0.43 mg kg -1 ). Concentration Cd in soil at depth 0 -10 cm positively strong correlated with organic matter (r = 0.83, P < 0.01). Concentration Cd in soil at depth 10 -20 cm negatively correlated with clay percentage in soil (r = -0.68, P < 0.05).
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