Foram incubados 61.920 ovos, provenientes de uma única linhagem comercial de matrizes de frangos de corte. Foi avaliado o efeito da utilização de diferentes temperaturas de incubação (T), medidas pelo termômetro de bulbo úmido em graus Celsius (ºC), em ovos de matrizes categorizados por peso (P), com idades (I) distintas, sobre o percentual de nascidos totais (eclosão), a eclodibilidade, o percentual da perda de peso dos ovos e a mortalidade embrionária. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado num esquema fatorial 3 x 4 x 5, representando, respectivamente, três temperaturas de incubação (28,6, 29,6 e 30,6ºC), quatro idades em semanas (34, 39, 53 e 63) e cinco categorias de pesos de ovos, com médias de peso (g) de 60,0; 65,1; 66,6; 69,0; e 73,2. A mortalidade embrionária total (Metot) foi menor na temperatura de 28,6ºC . Na idade de 39 semanas, obteve-se a menor Metot e para categorias de peso os ME apresentaram as menores médias. Houve efeito significativo dos fatores idade e categorias de peso e das interações entre I x P, T x I e T x I x P no peso médio dos ovos (Povo). Para o percentual da perda de peso dos ovos (Pppeso) até a transferência, verificou-se efeito significativo para temperatura, idade e categorias de peso de ovos. Os percentuais de eclosão e eclodibilidade (Eclod) foram otimizados com 10,3% de perda do peso durante a incubação a 28,6ºC.
Abstract:A study was conducted to compare live performance and digestive metabolism of broiler chickens fed an all vegetable diet compared to a regular diet having a mix of animal by-products. The all vegetable diet was formulated with corn and soybean meal as major ingredients, whereas the feed with animal by-products had inclusions of 3.0% pork by-product, 2.5% poultry by-product, and 1.5% feather meal. One day old chicks were allocated to battery cages in a temperature controlled room. Feed and water intake, and total excreta produced were measured daily from 21 to 35 days of age. Live performance was similar between groups of birds receiving the different diets in both studies. However, birds fed the all vegetable diet had increased water intake and produced greater amounts of excreta, which were also higher in moisture. Digestibility of the all vegetable diet was poorer when compared to the regular diet. Results of this study indicate that broilers fed all vegetable diets based on corn and soybean meal may express similar live performance responses as long as feed formulation is done with a correct nutrient profile for the ingredients used. However, these type of feeds lead to a greater amount of excreta due to a higher water intake and also to the higher proportion of indigestible components.
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