Direct detection of E. coli O157 by flow cytometry (FCM) was performed using heattreated E. coli O157 and FITC-labeled anti-E. coli O157 IgG. The flow cytogram which was obtained within 30 minutes revealed an obvious difference between E. coli O157 treated with and that untreated with FITC-labeled anti-E. coli O157 IgG. There was also a clear difference between E. coli O157 and other strains of E. coli than E. coli O157 in reaction with FITC-labeled IgG.Among twelve other strains of E. coli tested, six strains exhibited agglutination titers ranging from 1 to 4. The same six strains also gave weaklypositive results in FCM. It is therefore possible to count the numbers of E. coli bearingthe O157 antigen by using FCM.
Antimicrobial-guided fractionation and isolation of the bioactive compounds from the stem bark of Drimys arfakensis Gibbs. were carried out. Two antibacterial compounds were isolated. The sructures of the antibacterial compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, 2-D NMR, ESI-MS and EI-MS. Based on the spectroscopic data, the two antibacterial compounds were velutin, 1 and 4-(hydroxyl(oxiran-2-yl)methyl)-2-methoxyphenol, 2. Compound 1 exhibited low activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (B-1823) with MIC value of 250 g ⋅ mL −1 , while compound 2 possesses strong activity against S. aureus (MRSA) (B-1823) with MIC value of 15.60 g ⋅ mL −1 .No activity of both compounds against Escherichia coli (B-1634) and Candida albicans (B-2219) was observed.
The effectiveness of heavy metal-tolerant microorganisms for supporting plant growth needs to be understood before it can be used as a soil bioremediation agent. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of heavy metal tolerant microorganisms on the growth of “Narra” seedling (Pterocarpus indicus Wild). Three heavy metals-resistant (Pb, Cd, and Cu) rhizobacteria from a copper (Cu) mined-out site in Marinduque, Philippines showed plant growth promotion in vitro. A treatment combination of formula inoculant A (CuNFbM 4.1, MGR 333), B (CuNFbM 4.1, MGR 333, PbSM 2.1), and O (Uninoculated); compost (0%, 4%); and lime + inorganic fertilizer {without or with lime and inorganic fertilizer (LF0; LF1)} were applied to Narra seedlings planted on 445 mg/kg Cu-contaminated soil. Lime (2 mg/ha) and the recommended dose of soybean inorganic fertilizer were used as positive controls to evaluate the ability of inoculations and composts to promote the growth and used as positive controls to evaluate the ability of inoculants and composts to promote the growth and copper accumulation of narra in greenhouse experiments. All treatment combinations resulted in significant differences in plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, shoot and root dry weight, as well as, shoot, root Cu content, and plant Cu uptake of 13-week-old “Narra”. Inoculated “Narra” could thrive better in mine-degraded soil containing 445 ppm Cu with 4% compost. Inoculant B demonstrated the best plant performance while Pseudomonas synxantha (PbSM 2.1) probably increases the plant’s growth due to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase it produces. Accumulation of Cu was higher in the root compared other plant parts. More research is necessary to elucidate the mechanism of plant growth promotion and heavy metal re mediation by P. synxantha.
Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum strain LB1-2, isolated from the hindgut of European honeybees in the Philippines, is active against Paenibacillus larvae and has broad activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The complete genome sequence reported herein contains gene clusters for multiple bacteriocins and extensive gene inventories for carbohydrate metabolism.
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