The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between acculturation stress and symptomatology in migrant adolescents from Peru, Bolivia and Colombia living in Chile. The final sample consisted of 146 participants between the ages of 11 and 17 (M=13.77, DT=2.01). Of these, 47.9% (N=70) are men and 52.1% (N=76) are women settled in Arica and Antofagasta (Chile). The results show statistically significant relationships between the two scales (r=.488, p<.01). The relationships between internal symptoms and discrimination (r=.461, p<.01) and internal symptoms and longing and nostalgia for the country of origin (r=.402, p<.01) stand out. External symptoms correlated with feeling family broken (r=.381, p<.01). Internal symptomatology was the dimension with the greatest relationship to the total stress scale (r=.477, p<.01). Finally, the usefulness of the results, their limitations and applications are discussed.
El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar los estresores y estrategias de afrontamiento asociados al proceso de aculturación de una muestra de refugiados y solicitantes de asilo en Lima, Perú. A través de la metodología cualitativa, se analizaron 22 entrevistas semi-estructuradas (11 varones y 11 mujeres) procedentes de Venezuela, Colombia y Cuba, entre otros. Los resultados revelan tres grupos de estresores: estrés por falta de derechos y condiciones de vida, dificultades para relacionarse con los locales en el país de destino y dificultades familiares. Las estrategias de afrontamiento fueron llevar una vida espiritual, pensar en el bienestar de su familia, creer en las propias capacidades, expresar emociones, buscar activamente soluciones y apoyo social. En conclusión, los estresores se presentaron en conjunto, retroalimentándose, lo que parece llevar al uso de diversas estrategias de afrontamiento.
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