Watershed is a medium system where hydrological-biophysical processes as part of hydrological cycle and social, economic, and cultural events as the results of human intervention on natural resource occur. The increasing human population results in the increasing need of water that may reduce the availability of water, causing environmental degradation. The objectives of this study were to study the characteristics of Tabunio watershed and to give recommendation on the enrichment planting for the watershed recovery. This study used watershed ecological area approach and the data were analyzed spatially using GIS. The results showed that based on the characteristics of its components, Tabunio Watershed was categorized as moderately to very highly qualified for recovery. The recovery should be done through: (i) enrichment planting based on the land capability, land suitability and the legal function of the area, (ii) conservation of soil and water using vegetative and civil engineering methods, and (iii) issuance of regulations to increase the watershed's carrying capacity.
AbstrakLahan termasuk sumber daya yang penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, sehingga dalam pengelolaannya harus digunakan secara baik sesuai kemampuannya agar tidak menurunkan produktivitas lahan. Penggunaan lahan sering tidak diperhatikan kelestariannya terutama pada lahan-lahan yang mempunyai keterbatasan fisik maupun kimia. Apabila kondisi ini berlangsung terus menerus dikhawatirkan akan terjadi lahan kritis yang mengakibatkan penurunan kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas tanah. Lahan kritis didefinisikan sebagai lahan yang mengalami proses kerusakan fisik, kimia dan biologi karena tidak sesuai penggunaan dan kemampuannya, yang akhirnya membahayakan fungsi hidrologis, orologis, produksi pertanian, permukiman, dan kehidupan sosial ekonomi dan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tingkat kekritisan lahan di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Tabunio dan menentukan daerah lahan kritis di DAS Tabunio. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis spasial lahan kritis adalah metode skoring. Analisis spasial lahan kritis dilakukan dengan menumpangsusunkan (Overlay) beberapa parameter penentu lahan kritis seperti Peta Kemiringan Lereng, Peta Penutupan Tajuk, Peta Tingkat Bahaya Erosi dan Peta Manajemen Lahan untuk memperoleh total skor dari masing-masing unit lahan dan hasil berupa peta lahan kritis dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG Latar BelakangDaerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Tabunio terletak di Kabupaten Tanah Laut Kalimantan Selatan dengan luas DAS 62.558,56 ha. Pembukaan lahan yang tinggi baik untuk sektor pertambangan maupun perkebunan kelapa sawit membuat tiga wilayah DAS di Kalimanatan Selatan yakni DAS Batulicin, DAS Satui dan DAS Tabunio sangat rentan banjir sehingga sangat jelas berdampak besar terhadap meningkatnya kerawanan banjir, ditambah dengan banyaknya kebakaran lahan sepanjang musim kemarau sehingga proses infiltrasi air hujan tidak lagi berjalan secara baik.Informasi tentang luas dan tingkat kekritisan lahan dapat diperoleh dengan cara memetakan lahan kritis sebagai salah satu upaya rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan. Ini sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tingkat kekritisan lahan dan menentukan daerah lahan kritis di DAS Tabunio. Salah satu cara memetakan lahan kritis adalah dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Lahan termasuk sumber daya yang penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehingga dalam pengelolaannya harus digunakan secara baik sesuai kemampuannya agar tidak menurunkan produktivitas lahan. Dalam penggunaan lahan sering tidak memperhatikan kelestariannya terutama pada lahan-lahan yang mempunyai keterbatasan, baik keterbatasan fisik maupun kimia. Apabila kondisi ini berlangsung terus menerus dikhawatirkan akan terjadi lahan kritis yang mengakibatkan penurunan kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas tanah. Berdasarkan kajian yang telah dilakukan Puslittanak, Lahan kritis didefinisikan sebagai lahan yang mengalami proses kerusakan fisik, kimia, dan biologi karena tidak sesuai pengguna dan kemampuannya, yang akhirnya membahayakan fungsi hidrologis, oro...
The development of development that is so rapid causes more and more land to change into new buildings and settlements that have an impact on the reduction in the area of water catchment areas. Reduced water catchment areas will result in reduced groundwater reserves and will cause natural disasters such as floods. Based on this, efforts need to be made to determine the condition and distribution of water absorption in the Tabunio watershed area. In determining water absorption conditions there are four parameters, namely soil type, rainfall, land cover and slope. The data analysis method used is the overlay method with Geographic Information System (GIS) software. The results of data analysis showed that the study area with an area of 62,558.56 ha was divided into five conditions for water catchment areas. The water recharge conditions were very critical with an area of 32.38 ha, critical conditions covering 13,391.14, rather critical conditions covering an area of 35,769.47 ha, critical conditions ranging from 13,359.27 ha and natural normal conditions covering an area of 6.10 ha.
<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong> </strong></p><p class="Default"><em>Manual parking systems in mall parking lot services requires a more complex management and development system, not to mention its inefficiency. The information acquired from the parking manager about the the parking space conditions in the field is lacking every day. The purpose of this research is to design and develop a parking system prototype. The development method and system design for this research is the Waterfall method. The results obtained is that this system is able to detect the presence of a vehicle on a designated parking space, with the help of an Intel Galileo Board Gen 2 as the controller, an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensor, and an ultransonic sensor (PING) as an auxiliary. The system is able to display parking activity on a web application, such as empty parking space conditions, occupied parking spaces, time of arrival, parking period, parking space capacity, and also able to display a graphic image of the parking space utilization. It can be concluded that the design and development of the system is successfully implemented.</em></p><p class="Default"><strong><em>Key Word:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Parking system, waterfall, Intel Galileo Board Gen 2, LDR (light dependent resistor) sensor, ultrasonic sensor</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstrak</em></strong><strong> </strong></p><p><em>Sistem parkir manual pada pelayanan parkir mall memerlukan pengelolaan dan pengembangan sistem yang lebih rumit dan jauh dari kata efisien. Informasi yang didapatkan pengelola parkir terkait kondisi parkir di lapangan setiap harinya </em><em>masih kurang</em><em>. </em><em>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah</em><em> merancang dan mengembangkan prototype sistem parkir</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>Metode pengembangan </em><em>dan perancangan sistem pada penelitian ini adalah metode Waterfall. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah sistem ini dapat mendeteksi keberadaan mobil pada slot parkir yang tersedia dengan bantuan Intel Galileo Board Gen 2 sebagai kontroler, sensor LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) dan sensor ultrasonik (PING) sebagai alat bantu pendeteksi keberadaan mobil. Sistem dapat menampilkan aktifitas parkir pada aplikasi web seperti kondisi lahan parkir kosong, lahan terisi, waktu masuk, waktu keluar, lama parkir dan kapasitas parkir yang tersedia serta grafik pemakaian lahan parkir</em><em>. </em><em>Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perancangan dan pengembangan sistem berhasil diimplementasikan.</em></p><p><strong><em>Kata Kunci </em></strong><em>: </em><em>Sistem parkir, waterfall, Intel Galileo Board Gen 2,sensor LDR (Light Dependent Resistor), sensor ultrasonik</em></p>
It has been done research of environmental vulnerability degradation in coal mining area planning using satellite imagery and Geographic Information System. Vulnerability of environmental degradation is the condition of areas that has potential to damage the environment because of human activities or activity that has potential to cause environmental impacts. Monitoring of environmental degradation can be done to determine the ecological vulnerabilities so as to predict and overcome the future events. The development of remote sensing technology and geographic information systems can facilitate the spatial analysis especially environmental degradation. This research was done to map the vulnerability of environmental degradation in coal mining area planning in Banjar regency and classify environmental damage in the area. The analysis based on scoring and weighting of each index resulting ecological vulnerability index (EVI). The results of the overlay and weighting using weighted summation model’s method in coal mining area planning was plotted into four types of zone, i.e., appropriate exploitation zone, optimized exploitation zone, needs to monitoring exploitation zone, and recommended not to be exploitation zone. Thus, the classification of environmental damage in the coal mining area planning of which are moderate to severe erosion, surface runoff in the watershed, moderate salinity resulting in soil degradation, vegetation does not grow well and loss of recharge area.
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