In this paper, theoretical and experimental study of the performance enhancement of PV panels has been presented by utilizing fins for cooling module's temperature at climate conditions operation. To satisfactory cool off for the solar panel as a passive technique, heat sink which has a rectangular variable cross section fins (ribs) attached on the back side of the panel. Analytical thermal model is formulated for heat dissipation from heat sink in order to predict PV panel temperature. A comparison between experimental and theoretical results was carried out for solar panels without and with fins, in order to investigate the proposed thermal model and study the effect of operating temperature on the power output from the panel. The results shows that using fin cooling technique causes a significant dropped in average solar panel temperature about 5.7°C and an enhancement in the average of module output power about 15.3%.
This paper focuses on prediction and evaluation the correlation factors of PV panel characteristics in order to determine the implicit correlation forms for the efficiency and temperature of the system under Iraq climate conditions. Implicit correlation forms consisted on the ambient temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and humidity. Cuckoo search algorithm was employed as an intelligent optimization method to predict the correlation factors of each variable under different evaluation method which are, mean square error (MSE), integrate absolute error (IAE) and integrate square error (ISE). The results appeared that the proposed method was succeeded to predict both of the PV panel temperature and efficiency with MSE evaluation method compared with other methods. Where, the lowest MSE was recorded lower the 1 % for each characteristic.
The enhancement of overall efficiency at 1 g of nanofluid was 15% and in 1.5g is 18%. The enhancement of thermal efficiency at 1 g of nanofluid was 19% and 1.5g 27%. The electrical efficiency was increased at 1g of the nanofluid11% and in 1.5 g 14%.Photovoltaic (PV) panels produce electrical energy comparable to the cumulative amount of PV radiation generated on surface of sun. The solar modules influence on temperature of PV panel and for work with its standard specifications in Iraqi environment can be used nanofluid for cooling PV and improve performance.The developed thermal model for proposed cooling method has shown on the way to be an efficient design tool that can help engineers to reduce the time and cost of experimental testing. The improvement in temperature reduction using direct flow technique at rear sides of PV panel achieved electrical and thermal performance enhancement. The enhancement of overall efficiency at 1 g of nanofluid is showed 15% but in 1.5g nanofluid is 18%. As well as the enhancement of thermal efficiency at 1 g and1.5g of nanofluid are showed 19% and 27% respectively. So in Electrical efficiency at 1 g of nanofluid is showed 11% and in 1.5g nanofluid is 14%.The experimental results have shown that the utilization of nanofluid (Al2O3) as a result of its high thermal conductivity and tiny particle size. The coefficient of heat transfer and Nusselt number increasing with the increase of concentration of nanofluid, It can be concluded that has great impact, especially in Iraq condition where the temperature is normally high and can improve their performance and efficiency by adding nanofluid for cooling system.
In this work, improved PV panel was fabricated by replacing the tedlar layer with aluminum alloy micro pin fin heat sink to increase the heat transfer conduction. Air flow system was designed and implemented to apply force convection on the heat sink, which named MPFHS-PV/T integrated system, to decrease the PV module temperature. The integrated system was tested on 25Jun 2019 in Baghdad climate and the results recorded as flowing: decreasing the PV module temperature by 14.65% along with electrical performance improvement by 13% for the output power and 13.32% for efficiency. The daily averages of electrical efficiency. 1102%, thermal efficiency 40.94% and overall thermal efficiency 51.9%.
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