Introduction: Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. Oral use of sildenafil citrate has been proved to be effective in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Although the effects of sildenafil citrate have been investigated in several studies, its effect on aortic, carotid and renal artery blood flow is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the early and late phase effects of sildenafil citrate on canine aortic, carotid and renal artery blood flow using color Doppler sonography (CDS). Materials and Methods: A total of 6 healthy adult dogs was used in this study. With the aid of CDS peak systolic flow rate, end diastolic flow rate, resistivity index (RI) and pulsatility index in aortic, renal and carotid artery were determined before the administration of sildenafil citrate, 45–75 min after drug administration and after 15 days of drug administration. Data were statistically analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon rank tests. p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results and Conclusions: Significant changes were determined in only 4 out of 28 parameters studied. The significantly changed parameters were as follows: a significant increase in the early and late phase of the postdrug peak of systolic aortic blood flow compared to values before drug administration, an increase in pre- and postdrug RI values of the aorta, a significant decrease in maximum velocity of the right carotid artery, and peak systolic maximum velocity of the left renal segmental artery after drug administration compared to their respective predrug basal values. The results from this study indicate that sildenafil citrate has no significant effects on aortic, renal and carotid artery blood flow rate either in the early or in the late phase. Since this study involved only 6 dogs there is a need for further clinical studies involving larger groups of subjects to conclude that this drug is safe with respect to the hemodynamic parameters evaluated in this study.

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Robotik Süreç Otomasyonunun (RSO) bankacılık süreçleri üzerindeki verimliliğine olan etkisinin ölçülmesidir. Yöntem: Vaka analizi yöntemi kullanılarak çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilen bir bankanın 12 farklı genel müdürlüğündeki bazı bankacılık işlemleri Robotik Süreç Otomasyonu kullanılmadan önce değerlendirilmiş, RSO'dan sonra ilgili süreçler tekrar incelenerek verimlilik ölçümü yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Banka içerisinde RSO'ya aktarılan süreçler beş ay boyunca izlenerek ölçümlemeler yapılmıştır. RSO sayesinde banka personelinden yaklaşık 6 kişinin (5,83) yaptığı işi robotik süreçler tamamen tek başına gerçekleştirebilmiştir. Bu sayede banka, 6 kişilik ekstra bir iş gücü kazanarak bu insan kaynağını bankanın ihtiyacı olan diğer alanlara aktarma fırsatı yakalamıştır. Robotik süreç entegrasyonunun maliyet tasarrufu sağladığı, insan kaynağına duyulan ihtiyacı azalttığı, personelin diğer işlemleri yaparken daha verimli çalışabileceği ve personelin daha verimli alanlarda kullanılmasını sağladığı, çalışma sonucunda tespit edilmiştir. Özgünlük: Çalışmada robotik süreç otomasyonu uygulamaları ile banka çalışanlarının verimliliği arasındaki ilişkinin açıklanmış olması ayrıca çalışmanın diğer bankalar için de uygulanabilir nitelikte olması açısından özgün olduğu ve literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

The biocompatibility of orthopaedic implants and their effects on fracture healing have key roles for success. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of a novel biocomposite consisting of hydroxyapatite (HA), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), chitosan (Cs), and type 1 collagen (Ct1) on biocompatibility and fracture healing in rats. A total of 60 adult male Wistar rats weighing 300-500 g were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups named A (uncoated/control) and B (biocomposite coated). Biocomposite (HA/h-BN/Cs/Ct1) coated and uncoated stainless-steel implants were used as intramedullary pins. Groups A and B were divided into subgroups of A1 and B1 (15th day), A2 and B2 (30th day), A3 and B3 (45th day) according to the date of euthanasia. Clinical, radiographic, haematological, biochemical, and histopathological findings were evaluated by pairwise comparisons. The findings were consistent and similar. No statistically significant difference was found for a finding disturbing the biocompatibility. Histopathological examinations showed that coating biomaterials did not resorb over the course of 15, 30, and 45 days. It is thus revealed that the content is biocompatible. However, it has been concluded that it is necessary to increase the physical strength of the coating surface against sterilization and surgical procedures. As a result, based on the interpretations of the clinical, radiographic, haematological, biochemical, and histopathological findings, the biocompatibility of HA/h-BN/Cs/Ct1 biocomposite materials has been revealed.

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