The studies of advanced materials in environmental remediation and degradation of pollutants is rapidly advancing because of their wide varieties of applications. BiFeO 3 (BFO), a perovskite nanomaterial with a rhombohedral R3c space group, is currently receiving tremendous attention in photodegradation of dyes. The photocatalytic activity of BFO nanoparticle is a promising field of research in photocatalysis. BFO nanomaterial is a photocatalyst enhanced by doping because of its reduce bandgap energy (2.0-2.77 eV), multiferroic property, strong photoabsorption and crystal structure. The material has proven to be very useful for the degradation of dyes under visible light irradiation among other photocatalysts. Its exceptional nontoxicity, suitability, low cost and long term excellent stability makes it an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of effluents from textile and pharmaceutical industries which ended-up in the environment and now a major concern of the modern world. This mini-review attempts to provide some detailed synthetic routes of BFO and BFO related nanomaterials and the notable achievements so far on the effect of doping the material. It also discusses the effect of crystallite size of the material and other photophysical properties and how they influence the photocatalytic process of model organic dye pollutants, to date.

A survey was conducted for serum neutralizing antibodies against 3 members of the Lyssavirus group (rabies, Lagos bat and Mokola viruses) in Nigerian dogs and humans. Of 463 unvaccinated dogs sampled, 142 (30.7%) had antibodies against rabies; 39.2% of the stray dogs were positive. Of 241 dogs tested, 17.4% had antibodies against Mokola virus and 5.8% against Lagos bat virus. 28.6% of human samples tested had antibodies against rabies and, of 158 human samples tested, 12 (7.5%) had antibodies against Mokola virus and 4 (2.5%) had antibodies against Lagos bat virus.

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and molecular docking studies of 35 compounds of Biscoumarins and Biscoumarins thiourea derivatives as ⍺-glucosidase inhibitors was performed. Density Functional Theory (DFT) method was employed for complete geometry optimization of the ⍺-glucosidase inhibitors. Genetic Function Algorithm (GFA) of the material studio was utilized to develop four models. Model 1 was found to be the best model with R 2 = 0.914362, R 2 adj = 0.892953, Q 2 cv = 0.858197 and R 2 pred = 0.614745. The proposed model is robustness and predicted with good internal and external validation. The descriptors should be considered when improving the inhibitory activities of biscoumarin derivatives against ⍺-glucosidase. The docking results showed that ligands having Ortho substituted phenyl ring have good interactions with active site residues and good inhibitory activities as compared to ligands having either Para or Meta substituted phenyl ring except ligand 16 which has the highest docking scores of-12.5 kcal/mol but undergoes para substitution on the phenyl ring and formed hydrogen bond, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions with the active residues of the enzyme. The QSAR model and molecular docking results agree with each other and give way to the designing of new inhibitors with better activity against ⍺-glucosidase.

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immunoglobulin G (IgG) using the Automation ELISA IgG Kit manufactured by Automation INC. U S A . D a t a o b t a i n e d w e r e summarized using percentages and frequency tables. Results were analyzed using Epi-info version 3.0.Three hundred and fifty three pupils were recruited for the study. The overall prevalence rate for VZV infection was 66.3% with the value in males being 68.5% and in females 63.9%. The prevalence of VZV infection increased with age in both sexes. A high percentage of children (60%) were seropositive at 4-6 years.The study shows a 66.3% prevalence of VZV infection among children in Kaduna State. T h i s h i g h p r e v a l e n c e r a t e necessitates further studies to establish the burden of the problem in Nigeria and rationalize the institution of preventive measures against the infection, particularly i m m u n o c o m p r o m i s e d y o u n g children. Results: Conclusion:Received

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In a 12 year survey in the former Northern Provinces of Nigeria antibodies to Theileria mutans were found to have a prevalence rate of 32.6 to 85%. The indirect fluorescent antibody test was found to be more efficient than thin blood smear examination in detecting cattle exposed to T. mutans. The high prevalence of T. mutans infection was attributed to the high prevalence of Amblyomma species in the area under study.