Objective. To assess the association of personality type D with stress reactivity and autonomic balance among medical students, depending on gender and nationality. Design and methods. The study included 188 healthy students aged 18 to 23 years (median 18,0 ± 1,0 years), Russian speakers and residents of India. To determine the type of personality D used questionnaire DS-14. All examined were divided into two groups: with the presence of personality type D (n = 67) and without personality type D (n = 121). Additionally, groups of male students with type D (n = 24) and without type D (n = 63) and female students with type D (n = 43) and without type D (n = 58) were identified. We evaluated the psychophysical stress test “Mathematical Account” and indicators of variational pulsometry at rest. Results. When examining medical students, personality type D was detected in 27,5 % girls and 42,6 % boys (p = 0,03). When analyzing ethnic differences among Indian students, type D was detected in 42,6 % cases, among Russian-speaking students in 32,8 % (p = 0,21). Among the examined, there was no effect of type D on the test with an oral count, in the whole cohort, as well as in boys and girls. Logistic regression analysis in young men showed a pronounced relationship between Indian nationality and the presence of personality type D (p < 0,001). Conclusions. The influence of multidirectional factors (gender, nationality) can offset the influence of personality type D on the studied psychophysiological mechanisms and determine the heterogeneity of the influence of personality type D on the course of the disease in the general cohort.
Objective — To study the choice of coping strategies and coping intensity in healthy individuals with type D personality. Material and methods — The study included 98 students of Kemerovo State Medical University (KemSMU), 68 women and 30 men (their mean age was 19.1±2.0 years). All subjects filled out psychological questionnaires to identify type D personality (DS-14) and the choice of coping strategies (Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) and Coping Strategy Indicator (CSI)). Results — The participants were divided into a group with type D personality (n=44) and without it (n=54). Individuals with type D personality had higher scores on the Escape-Avoidance (p<0.001), Accepting Responsibility (p=0.009) and Distancing (p=0.05) scales of the WSQ questionnaire, and Avoidance strategy scale of the CSI questionnaire (p=0.007). Students with type D personality were characterized by a pronounced preference for the Escape-Avoidance strategy (p=0.000018). An increase of 1 point in the values on the Escape-Avoidance scale improved the chance of identifying type D personality by 1.15 times (p<0.001). An increase in scores on the Positive Reappraisal scale reduced the likelihood of identifying type D personality (OR 0.98; p=0.005). The Escape-Avoidance coping strategy was rather strongly associated with type D personality (AUC=0.779). Conclusion — In healthy young people with type D personality, inadequate coping strategies were notably prevalent: the Escape-Avoidance strategy identified by WCQ, and the Avoidance strategy marked by the CSI. The Escape-Avoidance strategy was independently associated with type D personality, and the Positive Reappraisal strategy was associated with the non-D type.
Objective: Personality type D may be associated with a predisposition to develop stress under external adverse influences, for example, in the COVID-19 pandemic. Likewise, type D personality is associated with higher burnout levels; thus, it may contribute to the development of diseases symptoms. The current study was designed to examine the coping strategies in young healthy persons with personality type D. Methods: The study included 98 medical students, with 30 being males. The participants completed questionnaires to identify personality type D (DS-14) and the coping strategies. Depending on the results of the DS-14 questionnaire, four subgroups were distinguished with different levels of points on the NA and SI subscales. Results: For persons with type D personality, the escape–avoidance strategy was used more often, the accepting responsibility and self-controlling strategies were less common compared with non-type-D individuals. When type D was adjusted for the NA and SI subscales, the correlation remained only with escape–avoidance strategy. We did not find a synergistic effect of the NA and SI subscales in regard to coping. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a link between personality type D and maladaptive coping strategies. The predominance of the maladaptive coping strategy in type D is a possible point of application for psychosocial training in such individuals that requires further research.
Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Aim. To study the choice of coping strategies and coping adequacy in medical students with type D personality. Material and methods. The study included 98 participants - 68 women and 30 men, studying at the General Medicine Faculty (Kemerovo State Medical University), aged 18 to 23 years (mean age 19.1 ± 2.0 years). All participants completed psychological questionnaires to identify predisposition to psychological distress and choice of coping strategies. Results. All subjects (n = 98) were divided into two groups: subjects with type D personality (n = 44) and subjects without type D personality (n = 54). Type D personality in men was detected in 20.4%, in women in 79.6% (p = 0.03). In students with type D, the average scores on the negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) scales were higher (16.0 and 13.5 points) than in students without type D (6.5 and 9.0 points), (p < 0.001 in both cases). Subjects with type D had higher scores on the "Escape-avoidance" (p < 0.001), "Accepting responsibility" (p = 0.009) and "Distancing" (p = 0.05) scales of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WSQ) and "Avoidance" (p = 0.007) scale of the Central Sensitisation Inventory (CSI) questionnaire. The indicator of coping strategies showed a very low level of use of avoidance strategies: with type D - 9.09%, without type D - 31.48% (p = 0.007). Students with type D had a pronounced preference for the "Escape-avoidance" strategy of 75.0% (p = 0.000018). According to univariate logistic regression analysis, an increase of 1 point in the values on the "Escape-avoidance" scale increased the chance of identifying type D by 1.15 times (95% CI 1.07-1.23; p < 0.001). On the contrary, an increase in the score on the "Positive Reappraisal" scale reduced the probability of identifying type D personality (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.86-0.98; p = 0.005). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the identified association between the "Escape-avoidance" strategy and type D personality has high values (AUC = 0.779; 95% CI 0.688-0.870). Conclusion. Predominance of inadequate of coping strategies, such as "Escape-avoidance" and "Avoidance", was found in healthy medical students with type D personality. According to logistic regression analysis, the independent strategy associated with type D personality is the "Escape-avoidance" and without type D - "Positive Reappraisal".
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