Подано результати скринінгового обстеження внутрішньо переміщених осіб, які не зверталися по спеціалізовану допомогу, і пацієнтів, яких було госпіталізовано до психіатричних стаціонарів. Установлено, що внутрішньо переміщені особи є групою високого ризику формування психопатологічних порушень доклінічного та клінічного рівнів. У структурі психопатологічних порушень осіб, які не звернулися по медичну допомогу, відзначено ознаки посттравматичного стресового розладу, тривожних, депресивних та соматоформних розладів, які потребують психологічної і психіатричної корекції.
Introduction International experience convincingly shows the prevalence of mental disorders secondary to COVID-19, the pathogenesis of which includes biological and psychosocial factors, which characterizes this area of research as relevant and timely. Objectives Analysis of the structure of the most common forms of psychopathology within consequences in COVID-19. Methods The study involved 45 patients with depressive episodes of varying severity (F 32.0, 32.1, 32.2) and 37 ones with anxiety disorders (F 40, 41). The average age of the examined groups was 39.42 ± 5.68 and 31.54 ± 4.36 years respectively. Clinico-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic, statistical methods were used. Results Significantly more patients with depressive disorders before the first clinical manifestations of the disease experienced COVID-19 in mild and moderate form (31.82% and 68.18% of individuals, respectively) (p <0.05), while patients with anxiety disorders were more affected to some stressors of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic (including threatening information background (83.78% of people), quarantine measures in the form of self-isolation (75.66% of people), uncertainty of the impact of coronavirus infection on the socio-economic situation) (62.16% of people)) (p < 0.05). It was found that the examined patients with a history of coronavirus COVID-19 are more likely to have depressive and asthenic syndromes in the clinical picture (p < 0.05), while patients with psychogenic effects of the pandemic - anxiety-phobic and somato-autonomic syndromes (p < 0,05). Conclusions Data on the influence of coronavirus disease COVID-19 and stressors of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the formation of mental disorders of various genesis will allow to develop prevention algorithms and personalize therapeutic programs. Disclosure No significant relationships.
IntroductionEmigration and remigration are one of the greatest modern problems and considered as a factor provoking manifestation and exacerbation of mental disorders as well as pathocharacterological personality changes. In emigrants and re-emigrants peculiarities of course of depressive disorders with different genesis are not investigated, that impedes a development of adequate therapeutic methods.AimTo study clinical-psychopathological peculiarities of depressive disorders in emigrants and re-emigrants patients with psychogenic (F43.21, F43.22) (69 non-emigrants, 68 emigrants, 67 re-emigrants), endogenous (F31.3, F31.4, F32.1, F32.2, F33.1, F33.2) (65, 66 and 63 patients, respectively) and organic depressive disorders (F06.3) (64, 62 and 61 patients, respectively) were examined.MethodsA clinical-psychopathological investigation, Standardized Personality Examination Method, Lusher's Method of Color Choices, HDRS, HARS, MADRS, and SCL-90-R.ResultsThe highest level of severity of depressive disorders in re-emigrants and the lowest level in non-emigrants were registered. Re-emigrants had predominantly depressive, asthenic-depressive and apathic-depressive forms, whereas emigrants had mainly anxious-depressive ones. According to SCL-90-R data, emigrants had higher indexes of somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorders, anxiety, whereas re-emigrants had higher indexes of depression and interpersonal sensitivity as well as an index of distress expression. In patients examined it was determined a predomination of dysthymic personality traits manifested in the frameworks of the leading depressive of anxious-depressive syndromes. An influence of emigration and remigration factors was the greatest in psychogenic depressions and the lowest in organic depressive disorders.ConclusionsThe abovementioned regularities should be taken into account in pharmacotherapy and a social-psychological support for such patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Background:Researches of a suicidal risk formation are an actual medical-social problem nowadays, as suicides are one of the leading causes in the structure of premature mortality. A formation of suicidal risk in various groups of patients is studied insufficiently, so an assessment of suicidal risk in patients with neurotic (F41.2, F43) and endogenous depression (F31, F32) was the aim of this investigation.Methods:The methods included a clinico-psychopathological examination and a psychodiagnostical examination (the method of suicidal risk detection and the method for determination of self-consciousness of death (Gavenko V.L. et al., 2001)).Results:It was defined that patients with neurotic depressions had a high suicidal risk level (27.75 points). The suicidal risk was manifested maximally (29.05 points) in patients with disorders of adaptation (F43), and was 26.45 points in patients with anxiety-depressive disorders (F41.2). An average suicidal risk for patients with endogenous depressions was 28.35 points. A level of self-consciousness of death by a person plays an important role in a suicidal behavior formation. Its low level enhances a risk of auto-aggression. Patients with neurotic depressions have generally higher levels of self-consciousness of death (22.72 points) in comparison with patients with endogenous depressions (21.16 points) that evidences an insufficient anti-suicidal barrier in latter patients and reflects a presence of real auto-aggressive intentions.Conclusions:It is necessary to take onto account the data obtained in diagnosis and differentiated approaches to therapy and prevention of suicidal risk.
Ключевые слова: депрессия; когнитивные функции; нейротрофическая терапия; Церебролизин; лечение; эффективность Проблема цереброваскулярных заболеваний явля-ется одной из самых актуальных в современной меди-цине, что обусловлено высокими показателями смерт-ности и инвалидизации вследствие этой патологии. В последние годы эксперты Всемирной организации здравоохранения прогнозируют рост сосудистой пато-логии мозга и ее осложнений, что связано с глобальным постарением населения планеты и распространением в популяции таких факторов риска, как артериальная гипертензия, гиперхолестеринемия, сахарный диабет, курение и т.д. Согласно статистике, ежегодно от 100 до 120 тыс. жителей Украины впервые заболевают мозго-вым инсультом; 35,5 % от всех мозговых инсультов про-исходит у людей трудоспособного возраста [1][2][3][4][5].© «Международный неврологический журнал», 2017
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