SKLÁDANKA, J., DOLEŽAL, P., NEDĚLNÍK, J., MORAVCOVÁ, H., POŠTULKA, R., VYSKOČIL, I.: Infl uence of species and preservations on the quality and safety of grass silages. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2010, LVIII, No. 5, pp. 329-336 The paper evaluates the quality of model silages made of wilted grass biomass and treated with silage additives. Grass species used for the production of silages were Lolium perenne, Festulolium pabulare and Festulolium braunii harvested in the fi rst cut at the stage of earing. The assessed grass species were wilted a er the cut for an identical time 36 hours (2008) .The biomass was a er wilting ensilaged in contai ners whose diameter and height were 0.15 m and 0.64 m, respectively. A er 60 days of ensilaging, the silages were assessed for pH, organic acids content, ethanol content and acidity of water extract (AWE); organic nutrients assessed in the silages were crude fi bre (CF), neutral detergent fi bre (NDF), acid detergent fi bre (ADF), crude protein (CP) and digestibility of organic matter (DOM). Hygienic safety was assessed from the contents of zearalenon, fumonisin and afl atoxin mycotoxins. The high (P < 0.05) dry matter (DM) content in Festulolium pabulare silages indicates that the species tends to rapid wilting. The higher DM content refl ected in lower biomass losses (P < 0.05). The lowest pH values (P < 0.05) were detected in silages made of Festulolium braunii. The fact relates to the higher content of lactic acid in the prepared microsilages. The use of ensiling additives aff ected the quality of extracts. Namely the application of the biological additive led to the increased content (P < 0.05) of not only lactic acid but acetic acid too. Titrable acidity was not aff ected by the ensiling additives. As to the emanation of ethanol, heterofermentative bacteria of lactic fermentation apparently took part in the fermentation process of the silages as well. While the evaluated forage species showed diff erences in the di ges ti bi li ty of organic matter (P < 0.05), the application of preservatives did not infl uence the content of organic nutrients. Fumonisin was not detected at all and afl atoxins were below the level of detection. None of the assessed factors had an eff ect on the content of zearalenon; in spite of the fact, an apparent tendency towards a higher content of zearalenon was recorded in Lolium perenne.

In our experimental study we used the four most commonly grown (in the Czech Republic) sorghum and Sudan grass hybrids from USA (Nutri Honey, Latte, Honey Graze, Big Kahuna) and one hybrid from Germany (Bovital). The aim of the study was to compare these hybrids and to find out the influence of the growing season length on their nutrient composition and digestibility of organic matter. Samples were taken in the first cut, always in 14-day intervals. The crop was sown in early June, sampling started on July 19, 2010 and finished 8 weeks later on September 13, 2010.When assessing the influence of the growing season’s length the following values and development trends were discovered. Constant decreases over the testing period were recorded in nitrogen compounds – by 62 % (133.13 g), easily soluble sugars – 55. 5 % (40.06 g), organic matter digestibility 25.7 % (182.93 g) and NDF (neutro – detergent fibre) digestibility 31.5 % (73.2 g). Increasing trend, on the other hand, was recorded in fibre – by 30.4 % (99.2 g) and its individual components: lignin, NDF and ADF (acido – detergent fibre).In the second part of the experiment we were studying the differences in nutrient composition and organic matter digestibility between the individual hybrids. Honey Graze was recorded as having the highest average content of easily soluble sugars 57.53 ± 0.43 g, with lowest fibre content (272.13 ± 2.49 g), lowest ADF content (331.4 ± 2.88 g) and NDF content (440.4 ± 4.20 g) and lignin (77.47 ± 0.71 g). This hybrid also showed the best organic matter of (657.07 ± 5.28 g); however, no statistically conclusive differences (P < 0.05) in terms of organic matter digestibility were recorded between this hybrid and the other ones. The Bovital hybrid had the highest content of nitrogen compounds over the entire growing season (138.73 ± 0.94 g). Statistically highly conclusive difference (P < 0.01) in nitrogen compounds was found between this hybrid and all the other ones (except Big Kahuna). Upon all the indicators, the best rated sorghum and Sudan grass hybrid in terms of nutrient composition and organic matter digestibility was Honey Graze.

VYSKOČIL, I., DOLEŽAL, P., DOLEŽAL, J., PYROCHTA, V., KALHOTKA, L.: Evaluation of fermentation quality of brewers´ grains ensiled in combination with malt sprouts and chemical conservation additive. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2008, LVI, No. 5, pp. 227-234 The aim of the work was to evaluate the eff ect of addition of humidity absorbent (malt sprouts) and chemical conservation additive on fermentation process quality of brewer grains' silage. Chemical conservation additive was based on formic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid and ammonium formate content. In a model experiment the fresh brewer grains were used. A dry matter (DM) content of brewer grains was 187.4 g / kg. Six treatments with three repetitions per treatment were prepared. The treatments A 1 , A 2 and A 3 were not supplied by humidity absorbent. Treatment A1 was a control treatment without any additive. The treatments A 2 and A 3 were supplied by chemical conservation additive in a dose of 3 L per tonne and 6 L per tonne, respectively. The treatments B 1 , B 2 and B 3 were supplied by malt sprouts to reach DM content of conserved matter on level 320-350 g / kg. Moreover the treatments B 2 and B 3 were supplied by chemical additive with its dose 3 and 6 L per tonne. Model silages were evaluated a er 8 months of conservation at average laboratory temperature 26-28 °C, from each treatment were the fi nal laboratory samples taken and analyzed. During conservation of treatments B 1 , B 2 and B 3 were no drain recognized. From A 1 treatment drained 1300 ml of waste fl uid that is 145 L per tonne of conserved matter. That was signifi cant (P < 0.01) the malt sprouts addition support the lactic acid production and eliminate acetic acid production. There was no propionic acid or butyric acid detected in silages with malt sprouts event in these silages were analyzed higher (P < 0.01) concentration of ammoniac. Chemical additive supplementation improved (P < 0.01) the pH value and water leach acidity. The results show the malt sprout addition eliminates waste fl uid drain and improves fermentation process. The higher concentration of chemical additive (6 l / t) inhibited the fermentation process in our model experiment. brewers´ grains, silage, fermentation process, silage quality Pivovarské mláto jako zbytek po vyluhování šroto-vaného sladu při výrobě piva představuje významné bílkovinné krmivo s roční produkcí v ČR okolo 2 mil. tun. Sušené pivovarské mláto je cennou surovinou při výrobě krmných směsí, čerstvé mláto při sušině 20-22 % se využívá buď k přímému krmení skotu a prasat, nebo se silážuje (LOHNERT et al