Influence of species and preservations on the quality and safety of grass silages

Abstract

SKLÁDANKA, J., DOLEŽAL, P., NEDĚLNÍK, J., MORAVCOVÁ, H., POŠTULKA, R., VYSKOČIL, I.: Infl uence of species and preservations on the quality and safety of grass silages. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2010, LVIII, No. 5, pp. 329-336 The paper evaluates the quality of model silages made of wilted grass biomass and treated with silage additives. Grass species used for the production of silages were Lolium perenne, Festulolium pabulare and Festulolium braunii harvested in the fi rst cut at the stage of earing. The assessed grass species were wilted a er the cut for an identical time 36 hours (2008) .The biomass was a er wilting ensilaged in contai ners whose diameter and height were 0.15 m and 0.64 m, respectively. A er 60 days of ensilaging, the silages were assessed for pH, organic acids content, ethanol content and acidity of water extract (AWE); organic nutrients assessed in the silages were crude fi bre (CF), neutral detergent fi bre (NDF), acid detergent fi bre (ADF), crude protein (CP) and digestibility of organic matter (DOM). Hygienic safety was assessed from the contents of zearalenon, fumonisin and afl atoxin mycotoxins. The high (P < 0.05) dry matter (DM) content in Festulolium pabulare silages indicates that the species tends to rapid wilting. The higher DM content refl ected in lower biomass losses (P < 0.05). The lowest pH values (P < 0.05) were detected in silages made of Festulolium braunii. The fact relates to the higher content of lactic acid in the prepared microsilages. The use of ensiling additives aff ected the quality of extracts. Namely the application of the biological additive led to the increased content (P < 0.05) of not only lactic acid but acetic acid too. Titrable acidity was not aff ected by the ensiling additives. As to the emanation of ethanol, heterofermentative bacteria of lactic fermentation apparently took part in the fermentation process of the silages as well. While the evaluated forage species showed diff erences in the di ges ti bi li ty of organic matter (P < 0.05), the application of preservatives did not infl uence the content of organic nutrients. Fumonisin was not detected at all and afl atoxins were below the level of detection. None of the assessed factors had an eff ect on the content of zearalenon; in spite of the fact, an apparent tendency towards a higher content of zearalenon was recorded in Lolium perenne.

Ergosterol and polyphenols: Potential biochemical indicators of silage safety

“…This study showed that ERG content in silage increased considerably in comparison to the fresh forage of orchardgrass, thus, our findings are in good agreement with Skládanka et al [46] which evidenced that ensilage process does not decrease the number of moulds, and hence a higher risk of mycotoxins production in the forage. Therefore, a high fungal infestation by moulds explain the significant correlations of ERG concentration in silage [2].…”

“…The ergosterol content found in our study in the first cut of 2012 in the silage treated with biological additives was consistent with previous studies, where the ERG degradation was visible by the inoculation with bacterial additives [46]. While the use of chemical silage additives, based on organic acids and salts widely recommended in silage crops to limit the growth of fungi [39] have not a positive effect.…”

The effect of biological and chemical additives on the chemical composition and fermentation process of Dactylis glomerata silage

“…We assume that the reduction of ADF in the inoculated silages was due to partial hydrolysis of cellulose. Hence, our findings are consistent with the previous reports on the nutritional qualities of different grasses and their mixtures presented by Skládanka et al (2012), where biological inoculants and chemical preservatives were used in some grass silages such as Lolium perenne, Festulolium pabulare, Festulolium braunii; and the mixtures of these with Festuca rubra and Poa pratensis. Nevertheless, our results differ from the studies reporting a lack of effect of inoculated treatments on fibre degradability in analyses realized on frost corn silages, reported by Mohammadzadeh et al (2012).…”

“…Interestingly, concerning varieties, 'Amera' proved to be 6 influence of the factor year on the content of DM, CP, CF, ADF, NDF, and OMD in the first cut; and also on the content of CP, CF, and OMD in the second cut. Our results are in concordance with the chemical composition results in different fresh grasses cultivars obtained by Skládanka et al (2012).…”

The influence of addition of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis on the fermentation quality of silages from permanent grassland

“…Kvalitu fermentačného prosesu trávnych siláží je možné ovplyvniť prídavkom mikrobiálnych silážnych aditív, ktoré sa využívajú na stimuláciu fermentačného procesu (Jalč et al, 2009;Parvin et al, 2010;Skládanka et al, 2010;Kleinmans et al, 2011). Jedná sa o aditíva obsahujúce jednak homofermentatívne (HOBMK) ako aj heterofermentatívne kmene baktérií mliečneho kvasenia (HEBMK) (Morais et al, 2017).…”