The study assessed the value chain mapping and actors value added share in the catfish value chain in Imo State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 217 catfish value chain actors comprising 37 input suppliers, 50 producers, 50 processors, 50 marketers and 30 consumers for the study. Data were analyzed using value chain map, net income, value added share models and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results indicated that primary actors are inputs suppliers, producers, processors, marketers and consumers while research, finance and legislation activities were carried out by support actors. The total value added in the catfish value chain system was N2,944.5/kg with value added share of 0.41%, 15.54%, 24.83% and 59.22% for input suppliers, producers, processors and marketers respectively and they were statistically significantly difference at 5% with marketers having the highest value added share as they occupy a pivotal position to harness the preference, place, price and product information from the final consumers who are at the epicentre of the value chain system. It was therefore recommended that actors at every node should ensure their efforts should be done in a manner that will attract better value by considering the final consumers' preference of catfish products.
Estimation of household food demand patterns and elasticity is often conceived as an important prerequisite for designing, predicting and analysing agricultural policy impacts. Based on this fact, this study sets out to estimate the food demand of rural households in the study area with a view to identifying its determinants and responsiveness to price and household food expenditure. The study employed a multi-stage sampling technique in the selection 254 rural households in Enugu state and the primary data collected were analysed using Descriptive statistics and Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) model. The result of the descriptive statistics showed that the mean age, household size, and years of education of the sampled rural households were 49. 7±13.30, 7.0 ± 3.02, and 13.96±3.96. The result of the QUAIDS model revealed that all the expenditure elasticity for the selected staple food items were positive and hence, regarded as normal goods and In terms of magnitude, all the staple food items except rice and yam have expenditure elasticity less than one and are therefore, regarded as necessities. Own price elasticity were all negative as expected in both uncompensated and compensated price elasticity estimates. The Marshallian cross price elasticity estimates also revealed that almost all the selected staple food items have positive cross-price elasticity values indicating that they are net substitutes while the Hicksian/compensated cross price elasticity revealed that majority of the selected staple food items have negative cross-price elasticity values indicating that they are complements. However, the study further revealed that price, total food expenditure, sex, age, marital status, years of education, household size and household head income were the key determinants of the rural household demand for the selected staple food items in the study area. Based on the foregoing, the result of this study should inform the design of food security related policies aimed at improving the nutritional status of the poor and vulnerable households in the country.
This study analyzed the food security status of male and female headed farming households in Imo State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study compared the quantity of food produced and the factors influencing the food security status of the respondents. Primary data used for the study were collected from sixty-four (64) respondents in the study area. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, z test and logistic regression model. Results showed that the female headed households produced more food than male headed households; however, male headed households were significantly more food secured (Zcal = 2.878). Key variables that positively influenced the food security status of male headed households were age (p<0.01), farm size (p<0.05), household size (p<0.05), educational level (p<0.1), farming income and total depreciation of capital assets including farm implements (p<0.05). Farming experience (p<0.05), age (p<0.01) farm size (p<0.05), extension contacts (p<0.01), and membership of farmers cooperatives (p<0.10) were the key variables that positively influenced the food security status of female headed households. The study recommended the review of existing land policies so as to give farmers easier access to land for food production. Also, agricultural extension services should be revived and made more proactive and effectively service oriented.
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