Introduction:Fatigue is of great clinical and investigational importance. It is a prevalent symptom in general population and a central symptom in many diseases, for example, cancer, ischaemic heart disease and depression. Besides, it's a side effect of many medical treatments. Fatigue has been shown to have a substantial impact on patients’ self care activities and, overall quality of life.Objectives:To compare levels of the various aspects of fatigue in three different populations.Aims:To see if diagnosis is a significant predictor for fatigue.Methods:We conducted a survey in a random sample of 69 patients with diabetes Mellitus (DM), 114 psychiatric outpatients (PO) and 383 healthy adults (C), using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). ANOVA test was used to reveille the statistical significance between the groups in all levels of fatigue.Results:The control group had a significant difference to the PO and DM patients in physical fatigue (MDPO = -3.835 p < .001), (MDDM. = -2.745p< .001), in reduced activity (MD PO = -3.719 p < .001), (MDDM = -3.155 p < .001) and reduced motivation (MDPO = -3.569 p < .001), (MDDM = -2.349 p < .001). Psychiatric outpatients had a significant difference with DM patients and control in general fatigue (MDC = -4.135 p< .001), (MDDM. = -3.835 p < .001) and in mental fatigue (MDC = 4.638 p < .001), (MDDM. = 4.346 p < .001).Conclusions:Analysis shows that both psychiatric outpatients and patients with DM experience fatigue in all aspects of the measurement as expected, in a statistical significant level compared to the general population.
BackgroundSocial interactions have an important effect on the subjective well-being of individuals. However, in periods of financial crisis these interactions are reduced, affecting thus the mental health of the individuals as well.AimTo investigate the effect of the reduction in social interactions, as a result of the economic crisis, on the subjective well-being of non-insurance health care seekers in Greece.MethodTwo hundred and sixty-six individuals participated in this study, 90 (35.6%) males and 163 (64.4%) females, with a mean age of 47. Analysis of data was conducted with Anova, using the SPSS software.ResultsThe findings showed that reductions in social interactions, caused by the financial crisis, led to significant reductions in the subjective well-being of individuals as well (F(1.259) = 13.276, P < 0.001 for social activities and F(1,258) = 14.531, P < 0.001 for peer socialization). More specifically, individuals whose social interactions were greatly affected by the financial crisis reported significantly lower subjective well-being than individuals who reported a medium effect (M = −2.952, SD = .764, P < 0.001). Furthermore, individuals who reported that the economic crisis had a great effect on their peer socialization reported significantly lower subjective well-being compared to both those who reported a medium (M = −1.868, SD = .658, P < 0.015) or low (M = −2.77, SD = .809, P < 0.001) effect of the crisis.ConclusionThe results of this research showed that the financial crisis reduced the well-being of affected individuals through reductions in their social interactions. Further research is needed to investigate appropriate interventions to reduce the negative impact that the financial crisis has on the well-being of affected individuals.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Introduction:Schizophrenia and psychotic disorders represent psychiatric disease patterns characterized by great impairment due to disease severity with a great effect in patient's health related quality of life, which still remain a challenge in everyday clinical practice.Aim:To investigate group differences in health related quality of life(HRQoL) in patients with psychosis during in hospital treatment.Methods:174 inpatients in a psychiatric ward in Athens-Greece participated in the study. 120(69%) were males and 54(31%) females. Of them, 0(11.5%) had bipolar disorder(BD), 126(72.4%) psychosis and depression(PD) and 28(16.1%) comorbit alcohol addiction(PAA). Patients filled a battery with tests of HrQoL, psychotic symptoms, negative motions, optimism, self-esteem, happiness and life-satisfaction. Stepwise regression models were used to determine the best predictors of compliance with SPSS.Results:There were a statistical significant difference in compliance between BD and PAA(good compliance 100%) and PD(good compliance 66.7%)(x2=21.09p=.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that good reaction to treatment(beta=−.736), atypical antipsychotics(beta=− .312), antidepressants(beta=−.270), days of hospitalization(beta=.203), bipolar disorder(beta=.199), sleeping pills(beta=.169) and stabilizers(beta=−.188) explained 74.5% of the variance in compliance(adjusted R2=.745 p<0.001). In a second model with the inclusion of personality and emotional characteristics in the model, stress(beta=−.381) negative emotions (DASS)(beta=.290) and subjective happiness(beta=.120) explained an additional 3% in compliance with therapy(adjusted R2=.775 p<0.001).Conclusions:It seems that depression comorbidity is an effective factor affecting therapy compliance in psychosis, with days staying in hospital for treatment. Also if the patient is prior to the therapy happy with his life complies better with the pharmacological approach that was used during the days of treatment.
Introduction:Managing diabetes is an overwhelming task, particularly for the newly diagnosed patient. Many diabetics struggle to cope with the requirements of the disease and the complications that it causes. as a result, many diabetics suffer from depression which is the most common psychiatric disorder witnessed in the diabetic population.Objectives:To compare the levels the emotional states of anxiety, depression and stress in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) to the general population and chronic patients with psychological problems.Aims:To reveille the significant differences between those patients.Methods:We conducted a survey in a random sample of 279 patients with diabetes Mellitus (DM), 109 psychiatric outpatients (PO) and 383 healthy adults (C), using the Depression Anxiety Stress scale (DASSI-42). Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 16 for windows. ANOVA test was used to reveille the statistical significance between the groups in anxiety, stress, depression and total Scale.Results:Patients with DM had a significant difference to the PO patients and C in anxiety (MDPO = −12.251 p < .001), (MDC = 1.303 p < .001). They also had a significant difference from the PO in stress (MDPO = −11.465 p < .001), depression (MDPO = −15.751 p < .001), and total DASS (MDPO = −39.566 p < .001). Patients with DM had no significant difference to the control group in the above domains.Conclusions:Analysis shows that patient with DM who are under medical treatment experience anxiety in a greater level than the general population, but in terms of stress and depression they are in the same level to the general population.
Introduction: Social support networks, with greater support from families, friends and communities are linked to better health. Also, due to the present economic condition they might be the only solution for rehabilitation in patients with lower income. Aim: To investigate the way that social support network can help patients with rehabilitation after hospitalization. Method: All patients that were referred to the social workers network from 2012-2013 were assessed in order to find those who seek rehabilitation programmes. Analysis was performed with SPSS21. Results: 143 patients, 100(69.9%) males, 81(71.7%) with lower education were referred for rehabilitation and poverty reasons. 117(81.8%) were Greeks 75(52.4%) single, 99(69.2%) had no insurance and 125(87.4%) unemployed. The referrals were made mostly from social hospices (N=71) and the hospital clinics(N=59), while the amount of patients was almost identical for the two years(47.6% for 2013 and 50.4% for 2012 respectively). The main reason for the referral was poverty(N=117 81.8%), poverty and health problems(N=22 18.4%), psychiatric problems(N=2 1.4%) and HIV(N=2 1.4%). In the majority of the cases(N=106 74.1%) there was a successful result in finding a rehabilitation hospice. Finally, there was a statistical significant difference between those that had family-support(N=47) and those that didn't(N=96) in the referrals amount (x2=10.894 p=.02). Conclusions: Results indicates that family is a protective factor against social support need, but due to the economic condition and new family bonds, a growing number of people still needing help, even if they have a family that could support them, something that should be further investigated.
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