Reversible cerebral ischemia of medium severity was reproduced in male Wistar rats by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries. Solid-phase structures (anisomorphons) were obtained by marginal dehydration of the serum. Small focal isotropic defects in the serum anisomorphon texture were found in 100% cases during occlusion of the carotid arteries. Similar signs were detected in all patients with chronic cerebral ischemia, which proved specificity of this morphological marker of the disease.
Markers of aging known today do not clearly define the biological age of the organism, which creates the need for their further search. The oral fluid is a convenient object for such studies, since it contains proteins whose conformation corresponds to the age of the organism. The method developed by the authors allows, by transferring biological fluids into a solid phase, to transform the structure of the molecular-level components dissolved in them to a level accessible to visual analysis. The aim of the study is to search for markers of biological age in the solid-phase structures of the oral fluid. Materials and methods. The structures of the solid phase oral fluid of 240 people with a sanitized oral cavity were studied. There are four age groups of 60 patients each: middle age; elderly; senile and long-livers. Oral fluid was taken in the morning on an empty stomach. The method of cuneiform dehydration of biological fluids was used. Dehydration of drops of oral fluid was carried out on special test cards under standard conditions. As a result, dry films (facies) were obtained, the structural features of which were examined by microscopy. Results. The structure of oral fluid facies is determined by the ratio of salt and organic substances present in it. During the formation of a facies, salts bind to proteins that have an abnormal conformation. In middle-aged patients, the facies have a clear division into saline and marginal (protein) zones. With age (elderly and senile age), due to the increased activity of catabolic processes, in the facies of the oral fluid, an increasing area is occupied by organic substances, and the areas occupied by salts decrease, while the facies lose their physiological structuring. At the same time, the facies of the oral fluid of most long-livers retain a structure similar to the facies of middle-aged representatives. Conclusions. The biological age of the organism is determined by the level of its autointoxication by proteins with pathological conformation. Autotoxins are contained in the oral fluid and are manifested in the structure of its facies. Due to natural age-related metabolic shifts towards an increase in catabolic processes, the protective systems that block autointoxication by metabolites cease to provide their complete neutralization, which is reflected in the facies structure. Facies of the oral fluid of long-livers have a fundamentally different structure compared with the facies of the elderly and senile persons, indicating a low degree of autointoxication of the organism of long-livers, which determines a longer life span. Thus, specific solid phase structures of oral fluid facies can be used as objective markers of biological age.
The increasing number of long-livers in the developed countries indicates the demand for clarification of the body vital systems functioning features which allow the long-livers to prolong their active involvement in social life. Objective: Aim of our study/research was to define a functional condition of urinary system in long-livers using the new diagnostic technology which analyses the structures of biological liquid at its phase transition in a solid state. Methods: A case series study was held. All long-livers suffered from atherosclerosis and its complications as well as from associated diseases. An exclusion criterion was acute conditions. The creatinine level in blood serum, indicators of common urine analysis and features of urine facies (using cuneiform dehydration) were defined. Results: Participants included 60 long-livers (mean age 87.344.17 years) who were passing clinical laboratory tests at in-patient department of gerontological hospital. In urine facies of 41 (68.3%) long-livers a phenomenon of salt crystals distribution was identified. It presents the concentration of anisotropic salt crystals in the form of a ring in a regional facies zone. The tenfold increase in concentration of calcium and double increase in concentration of phosphorus in comparison with the central zone was detected in long-livers with a higher percent sulphur in the regional zone of urine facies. Conclusion: The urine facies of the majority of long-livers have signs of age structure formation associated with a specific distribution of anisotropic salt crystals which fix detritus in its inert form to block the autointoxication.
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