We determined the bone mineral density (BMD) of normal Lebanese subjects and compared results with US/European reference data. The investigation was conducted at one center, and included 858 women and 165 men aged 20-79 years. Spine, femoral and radial BMD measurements were made using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Age-related changes in BMD were similar in form to those of US/European reference data. However, BMD values of Lebanese were generally lower than US/European values. Spine BMD of Lebanese women was about 8% lower than US/European values between ages 20 and 59 years, and 5-6% lower for ages 60-79 years. Femoral neck BMD values for Lebanese women were 8% lower in the young adult years (age 20-39 years), but only 2-3% lower in the postmenopausal years, compared with US/European women. There were smaller postmenopausal decreases in femoral and radial BMD in Lebanese women compared with US/European women, which led to a convergence of BMD after age 70 years. The BMD of Lebanese men was 5-8% lower than US/European values throughout the age range (20-79 years). The effect of weight on BMD ranged from 0.2% to 0.4% per kilogram. Height was not significantly associated with BMD when both height and weight were entered in multiple regression analyses. The prevalence of osteoporosis appeared to be overestimated if the US/European reference data, rather than Lebanese reference data, were used to calculate T-scores.
Objectives Our aim in this study was to identify affective temperament differences utilizing the TEMPS-A in a large sample size of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia and compare them to healthy controls. Gender differences, demographic factors and degree of psychotic symptoms were also considered. A cross鈥恠ectional study was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (PHC) from March to June 2019. Two-hundred fifty chronic patients with schizophrenia were compared to 250 healthy controls randomly chosen from the general population. Results Patients with schizophrenia significantly had higher mean depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperament scores compared to healthy controls. Healthy controls significantly had a higher mean hyperthymic temperament score compared to patients with schizophrenia. In the group of patients with schizophrenia exclusively, females scored higher in terms of depressive, cyclothymic and anxious temperaments compared to males. In the group of healthy controls, males scored higher in terms of hyperthymic and irritable temperaments compared to females, whereas a higher mean depressive and anxious temperament scores were significantly found in females compared to males. In addition, higher PANSS total scores, as well as higher positive, negative and general subscales scores were significantly associated with higher depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperament scores.
Objectives Schizophrenia is known as a mental disease affecting how an individual will reply to a certain scenario in a way that differs from a person to another. A specific personality trait can influence the expressions of psychotic symptoms and affect illness courses. Our aim during this study was to spot nonadaptive personality traits in Lebanese Schizophrenic patients and compare them to healthy subjects.Methods We took a pair of teams one schizophrenic individuals (n=250) and the other healthy individuals (n=250). For the data assortment the tools used were: personality inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5-BF) brief type, to assess the maladaptive personality traits; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), to determine the severity of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic individuals.Results The results were a considerably higher mean in detachment, antagonism and psychoticism personality traits in schizophrenic subjects compared to healthy group. When comparing personality based on the gender a considerably higher mean of negative affect and psychoticism was found in women compared to men, as for the antagonism and detachment it had been considerably higher in men.Conclusion In conclusion, we can say that schizophrenic subjects have a particular personality trait totally different from the overall healthy subjects.
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