The deformability of several powder ferroalloys (of rare-earth metals, Zr, Ti), titanium sponge, and graphite in a metallic matrix during the rolling of laboratory and commercial ingots was experimentally investigated.
It is shown that it is technically possible to hot roll and cold draw composite ingots with powder inserts of the given materialsThe reduction of composite ingots requires that the deformability of the matrix and composite elements be the same. Variation of the materials or the working regime are possible in the rolling of metallic composites. Information about the reduction of materials consisting of a metallic matrix with a powder insert (for example, about the reduction of a ferroalloy), is practically nonexistent.In the present article the deformability of the low-ductility powdered ferroalloys of a number of elements (REM, Zr, Ti), and carbon containing materials, in a metallic matrix were investigated with the objective of developing methods for preparing so-called composite-microalloyed ingots [1], designated for subsequent reduction (including multiple hot plastic deformation and cold drawing) to welding wire.The investigations were carried out by a procedure whose general scheme can be given as follows: melting the steel; casting composite ingots; rolling ingots to billets; rolling billets to rods; drawing rods to wire of various diameters. Type Sv-08GS and Sv-20GS welding steels were used as matrix materials. For the casting of composite ingots under laboratory conditions the steel was melted in a Tamman furnace in alundum crucibles from cuttings of steel 3ps, deoxidized with ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, and aluminum. The composite microalloyed ingots were cast in graphite molds with a preliminarily installed tubular element (tubes of steel 10tr) filled with powders of various materials: alloys of the rare earth metals (FS30R3M30); zirconium (FSTsR50); ferrotitanium (FTi-30); titanium sponge (TG-TV); or carbon-containing materials (graphite, sooty iron, etc.). A diagram of the assembled mold is given in Fig. 1, and the properties of the experimental composite-microalloyed ingots melted in the laboratory in Table 1. The ingots were rolled under pilot plant conditions after a single anneal to 14 × 14 mm bars, and then, following a second anneal, to 6.5 mm wire rod at the Electric Welding Institute of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences,. After pickling, the rod was swaged to 2 mm diameter wire. Samples of the bar, rod, and wire, were chosen for study of their macro-and mlcrostructures after suitable etching to reveal their cores.In order to evaluate the deformability of powders of ferroalloys of the REM and zirconium in the reduction of composite-microalloyed ingots, the macro-and microstructures of 80 × 80 mm hot rolled bars and 6.5 mm rod, fabricated from 12.5 ton ingots produced by the metallurgical combine "Krivorozhstal'," and of 4.0, 2.0. and 0.8 mm diameter wires obtained from the rod by cold drawing at AO "Stal'metiz" (Odessa), were studied.Uniformity of deformation was determined on...