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Background and Purpose Alterations of gait cycle and footdrop on the paretic limb are characteristic of stroke patients. Electromyographic biofeedback treatment has been used in rehabilitation of walking, but results are controversial. We performed gait analysis to evaluate the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback compared with physical therapy.Methods Sixteen patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study. The experimental group (4 men, 4 women) received electromyographic biofeedback treatment together with physical therapy. The control group (5 men, 3 women) was treated with physical therapy only. Clinical and functional evaluations before and after treatment were performed using

An electromyographic investigation of patients with subluxation of the patella has been carried out on the parts of the extensor apparatus which actively contribute to the alignment of the patella, both before and after the operation to correct this disorder. The electromyographic pictures have revealed a sharp fall in the activity of the vastus medialis, with full recovery to normal values after a corrective operation. Even if the aligning function of the patella is altered by a variety of factors, the present study confirms the importance of the vastus medialis in the pathogenesis of malalignment of the extensor mechanism.

The purpose of the present study was to compare arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) responses to submaximal isokinetic, isotonic and isometric exercises currently employed in physical rehabilitation therapy in terms of both magnitude and time-course. To this aim AP and HR were continuously and noninvasively measured in ten healthy subjects performing isokinetic, isotonic and isometric exercises at the same relative intensity. Isokinetic and isotonic exercises consisted of 30 knee extension/flexion repetitions at 40% of maximal effort. Isokinetic speed was set at 180 degrees s(-1). Isometric exercise consisted of a 60-s knee extension at 40% maximal voluntary contraction. The AP showed a rapid and marked increase from the onset of all types of exercise progressing throughout the exercises. Peak systolic (SAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressure were 190.7 (SEM 8.9) and 121.6 (SEM 7.8) mmHg during isokinetic and 197.6 (SEM 11.2) and 128.3 (SEM 7.7) mmHg during isotonic exercise, respectively. During isometric exercise peak SAP and DAP were 168.1 (SEM 6.3) and 102.1 (SEM 3.7) mmHg, respectively [both lower compared to isokinetic and isotonic exercise (P < 0.05)]. The HR rose abruptly and after five isokinetic and isotonic repetitions it had already increased by about 30 beats min(-1), continuing to rise throughout the exercises. The HR response to isometric exercise was significantly less (P < 0.05) at all times. An immediate fall in AP, undershooting resting levels, was observed at the cessation of all types of exercise, being more marked after isokinetic and isotonic exercise. These results indicate that submaximal exercise of a dynamic type induces greater AP responses than intensity-matched isometric exercise and that even submaximal endurance-type rehabilitation exercise yields an elevated functional stress on the cardiovascular system which could precipitate hazardous events particularly in subjects with unrecognized cardiac diseases.