A wideband hybrid dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) consisting of a rectangular slot patch and a perforated stacked cylindrical dielectric resonator (DR) is proposed. A rectangular slot was etched on the grounding side of a microwave laminate ( =3.38) to excite the hybrid resonator at a high frequency. The stacked DR used consists of three different layers of permittivity, in which air-cavity was introduced internally to form a perforated structure. With a proper stacking arrangement of the perforated DRs on top of the rectangular slot, their operating frequencies were merged together to produce a wideband hybrid DRA. It was found that the combination of the stacked DR with perforated structure in the hybrid element had yielded an impedance bandwidth of as wide as 75.8% (12.2 GHz -27.1 GHz). Huge improvement in bandwidth was successfully achieved in this study in comparison to that without a perforated structure of only 48.9%. Simulation of the antenna was performed in time domain using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) and was subsequently verified with the measurement results. The average simulated and measured directivity of the antenna were recorded to be 6.05 dBi and 5.65 dBi, respectively, with a stable broadside radiation throughout the operating range of frequency. The radiation characteristics were seen to be broadside in both the E-plane and H-plane.INDEX TERMS wideband, hybrid dielectric resonator, perforated structure, Ku band, K band, cylindrical DR, rectangular slot patch.
load and Port 2 is excited, the measured and simulated radiation patterns are shown in Figure 7B. The measured copolarization in the boresight is at least 23 dB higher than the crosspolarization, and the measured front-to-back ratio is over 12 dB across the operation band. The 3-dB beam-widths in the u 5 08 and 908 patterns are 578 and 638.The interchannel isolation S 21 of the duplex CP antenna is shown in Figure 8. The measured results agree very well with the simulation, showing an isolation of over 20.3 dB in the downlink channel (2.42-2.52 GHz) and over 22.7 dB in the uplink (2.62-2.76 GHz). Table 2 compares the performance of the proposed duplex-CP-antenna with other published integrated duplex-antennas. The proposed antenna, uniquely having dual CPs, also exhibits very competitive isolation, in-band gain, and out-of-band rejection. It has the highest cross-polarization level of 23 dB.
| C ONCL US I ONThe single-aperture duplex antenna with orthogonal CPs is proposed and analyzed in this paper. A three-port feeding structure, which functions as a filtering power divider with controllable output phase, has been applied to generate the LHCP and RHCP. A duplex-antenna at 2.45 GHz (downlink) and 2.7 GHz (uplink) was demonstrated to have an interchannel isolation of over 20 dB. This is the first integrated duplexer-antenna with dual CPs. The compact structure and integrated function can be explored in satellite and mobile communication systems for reducing polarization mismatch, alleviating multipath, or polarization diversity.
Over the decade, extensive applications of portable electronic devices have progressed enormously. This has ultimately influenced the shortage of bandwidth supply. Therefore, in satisfying the demands of consumers, low-cost antennas are required to be designed specifically for the fifth-generation frequency spectrum (5G) devices. The main goal of this paper is to report a high gain enhancement in a low profile and economical antenna operated effectively using air substrate in 5G devices. This paper discusses the study effects of thickness on the substrate and conductive material, also the novel design of a cost-effective, air-substrate based microstrip antenna with enhanced gain at 28 GHz resonance for the 5G mobile phone application. In the proposed design, a 2×2 array configuration of radiating elements was designed to occupy a 35.7×31.5×0.5 mm3 volume. Copper (Cu) material was used in the fabrication of the antenna prototype. The proposed antenna was evaluated and compared to the simulation results to demonstrate the design’s reliability. The proposed system provided a peak gain and performance efficiency of 15.6 dB and 86.9.4%, respectively, when operated at 28 GHz resonance.
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