Improving the Gain Performance of Air Substrate Patch Antenna Array Using the Effect of Conductive Material Thickness Study for 5G Applications

Abstract

Over the decade, extensive applications of portable electronic devices have progressed enormously. This has ultimately influenced the shortage of bandwidth supply. Therefore, in satisfying the demands of consumers, low-cost antennas are required to be designed specifically for the fifth-generation frequency spectrum (5G) devices. The main goal of this paper is to report a high gain enhancement in a low profile and economical antenna operated effectively using air substrate in 5G devices. This paper discusses the study effects of thickness on the substrate and conductive material, also the novel design of a cost-effective, air-substrate based microstrip antenna with enhanced gain at 28 GHz resonance for the 5G mobile phone application. In the proposed design, a 2×2 array configuration of radiating elements was designed to occupy a 35.7×31.5×0.5 mm3 volume. Copper (Cu) material was used in the fabrication of the antenna prototype. The proposed antenna was evaluated and compared to the simulation results to demonstrate the design’s reliability. The proposed system provided a peak gain and performance efficiency of 15.6 dB and 86.9.4%, respectively, when operated at 28 GHz resonance.

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