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The present work describes the development of an organic photodiode (OPD) receiver for high-speed optical wireless communication. To determine the optimal communication design, two different types of photoelectric conversion layers, bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and planar heterojunction (PHJ), are compared. The BHJ-OPD device has a −3 dB bandwidth of 0.65 MHz (at zero bias) and a maximum of 1.4 MHz (at −4 V bias). A 150 Mbps single-channel visible light communication (VLC) data rate using this device by combining preequalization and machine learning (ML)-based digital signal processing (DSP) is demonstrated. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the highest data rate ever achieved on an OPD-based VLC system by a factor of 40 over the previous fastest reported. Additionally, the proposed OPD receiver achieves orders of magnitude higher spectral efficiency than the previously reported organic photovoltaic (OPV)-based receivers.

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This paper investigates whether different shades of red clothes increase women’s perceived attractiveness to men and women in digital photographs. We also examined whether there was any variance in perceived attraction according to the color shade of clothes due to personal physical color traits based on Personal Color Analysis System. Participants evaluated a woman’s attractiveness presented in a photograph featuring different skin and hair colors and t-shirts in four red shades. The results indicate that the four different red shades—low chroma/high value, low chroma/medium value, high chroma/medium value, and low chroma/low value—examined in this study can enhance female attractiveness on a digital photo. Significantly, the high chroma and medium value—often considered vivid—red had a greater appeal to males and females in most skin and hair color types. This study is the first to investigate the perceived attractiveness of Asians wearing red in the context of digital photographs. The findings give insight to people and marketers with a better understanding perceived attractiveness of red clothing in digital photos. Additionally, this study confirms that the value and chroma of color, which was overlooked in previous research, should be considered as variables in studies of clothing color meanings.

In the fashion industry, the thing that shows the latest trends and makes issues is the fashion show. The function of fashion shows is changing from a promotional mean to a method of communication with customers. Recently, some fashion shows have used digital images and omitted traditional parts of a fashion show such as models, stages, garments, music and audiences. In this study, 30 fashion shows that used digital images were selected from the 2000-2010 collections of Paris, Milan, London and New York, and its communication characteristics were analyzed and discussed. The three categories of the communication characteristics are as follows:First, the shows used digital images as stage sceneries or effects to create desired stage effects. The digital images were used as extra tools to reinforce the concept of the fashion show.Second, the fashion shows used real-time videos to extend its presentation into the virtual space. The interactive videos were designed to encourage audiences to actively participate in the show.Third, the digital images were the focus of the show for the internet-only digital fashion shows. Since the Internet is not constrained by time or space, multi-faceted, communication between audiences and fashion designers or among audiences is possible. In addition, the number of audience it can reach is higher than traditional fashion shows.Digital images will be used more often in the fashion shows. In the future, fashion shows will try to become more interactive with audiences through the use of new digital image technology.

1)The objectives of this study are to develop a cosmetic involvement scale focusing on Korean men in their 20s and 30s, verify its validity and examine the characteristics of this group. The results of this study's analyses showed that cosmetic involvement scale could be classified into 5 factors: 'trend & interest involvement', 'prestige sensitivity involvement', 'price and value involvement', 'skin involvement,' and 'obligatory involvement'. Also the cosmetic involvement of the target group was classified into 'amusing high-involvement group', 'rational low-involvement group', and 'obligatory high-involvement group'. This study has significance in showing differences of cosmetic involvement factors by gender and proposing a cosmetic involvement scale of Korean men in their 20s and 30s, which has taken men's distinctiveness into consideration.