With the advancement in drone technology, in just a few years, drones will be assisting humans in every domain. But there are many challenges to be tackled, communication being the chief one. This paper aims at providing insights into the latest UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) communication technologies through investigation of suitable task modules, antennas, resource handling platforms, and network architectures. Additionally, we explore techniques such as machine learning and path planning to enhance existing drone communication methods.Encryption and optimization techniques for ensuring long−lasting and secure communications, as well as for power management, are discussed.Moreover, applications of UAV networks for different contextual uses ranging from navigation to surveillance, URLLC (Ultra-reliable and low−latency communications), edge computing and work related to artificial intelligence are examined. In particular, the intricate interplay between UAV, advanced cellular communication, and internet of things constitutes one of the focal points of this paper. The survey encompasses lessons learned, insights, challenges, open issues, and future directions in UAV communications.
Abstract-This paper presents a one-wavelength loop antenna fed by an inductively coupled loop for on-body applications. An equivalent circuit for the inductively coupled loop antenna is proposed to synthesize the antenna system with a microchip. The designed tag is printed on a PVC substrate and placed close to a four-layer stratified elliptical cylinder human model. The card-type tag measures 85.5 × 54 × 0.76 mm 3 and is suitable for use on a student ID card for a broad range of applications. The impedance bandwidth of the inductively coupled loop tag antenna is 60 MHz (880-940 MHz, 6.6%), which covers the operating UHF bands in U.S. and Taiwan. The measured reading distance ranges from 2.7 to 5.7 meters when placed at different positions on the chest of a human body in the open site.
The wave of modernization around us has put the automotive industry on the brink of a paradigm shift. Leveraging the ever-evolving technologies, vehicles are steadily transitioning towards automated driving to constitute an integral part of the intelligent transportation system (ITS). ITSintelligent transportation system The term autonomous vehicle AVautonomous vehicle has become ubiquitous in our lives, owing to the extensive research and development that frequently make headlines. Nonetheless, the flourishing of AVs hinges on many factors due to the extremely stringent demands for safety, security, and reliability. Cutting-edge technologies play critical roles in tackling complicated issues. Assimilating trailblazing technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), edge intelligence (EI), 5G, and Blockchain into the AV architecture will unlock the potential of an efficient and sustainable transportation system. IoTInternet of Things EIedge intelligence This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in the literature on the impact and implementation of the aforementioned technologies into AV architectures, along with the challenges faced by each of them. We also provide insights into the technological offshoots concerning their seamless integration to fulfill the requirements of AVs. Finally, the paper sheds light on future research directions and opportunities that will spur further developments. Exploring the integration of key enabling technologies in a single work will serve as a valuable reference for the community interested in the relevant issues surrounding AV research.
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