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Morphology of the veins draining the heart was studied in the Van cat. Veins draining the heart were the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, the right cardiac veins and the smallest cardiac veins. No anastomosis was observed between the terminal branches of the paraconal interventricular vein and the subsinuosal interventricular vein. The coronary sinus was formed by the great cardiac vein and the middle cardiac vein. The origins of the right cardiac veins had significant variations. The right semicircumflex vein was observed in three (50%) cats, and it terminated at the middle cardiac vein.

Endüstriyel üretim sonucu oluşan atıkların geri kazanımı veya farklı sektörlerde kullanılmak suretiyle değerlendirilmesi doğal kaynakların korunması adına günümüz teknolojileri için önemli bir konu olmuştur. 2014 yılı verilerine göre Türkiye'de çelikhane cürufunun ancak %41'i geri dönüştürülmektedir. Geri kalan çelikhane cürufu bertaraf edilmekte veya düzensiz depolanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada çelikhane cürufunun yol üst yapısında temel ve alttemel malzemesi olarak kullanılabilirliği değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında kontrol kesiti olarak kırmataş temel ve kırmataş alttemelden oluşan yol kesiti analiz edilmiştir. Çelikhane cürufu ise temel ve alttemelde olmak üzere birlikte ve ayrı ayrı kullanılmıştır. Toplam dört farklı yol kesitinin 400 kPa yük altında, 20.111 tekrarlı yükleme yapılarak iki boyutlu sonlu elemanlar metodu ile aksisimetrik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Cüruf dinamik kayma modülünü elde etmek için rezonant kolon deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucu yol temel ve alttemel tabakalarında çelikhane cürufunun doğal agrega yerine kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir. Cürufun alttemelde kullanıldığı KC kesiti ise düşey deformasyonlar açısından en iyi sonucu vermiştir.

In the study, total segment, grey matter and white matter volume values of lumbosacral segment of spinal cord in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were stereologically examined. Regardless of sex, six adult quails were used as material. After the materials were perfused, they were dissected and their spinal cords were uncovered. Tissue samples were taken from each lumbosacral segment of spinal cord. After the tissue fixation process, 6–7 sections having a 5‐µm thickness were separated in every 50th section as from the first section, where the tissue was seen, among tissue samples of each segment. These segments were stained with haematoxylin–eosin staining. They were photographed via a microscope. By using the Cavalieri's principle, the volume values of both the total segment, grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in each lumbosacral segment were separately calculated. All these calculations were performed by using SHTEREOM 1.5 program. As a result, total volume, grey matter and white matter volume values of lumbosacral segments and white matter/total volume, grey matter/total volume, and grey matter/white matter volume fractions were obtained.

Background: In this study, the total volume of the thoracic segments of the spinal cord and volume densities of grey matter and white matter were examined by using stereological methods in adult geese having a weight of 3-4 kg. Materials and methods: Ten geese were used as material without sex discrimination. All animals were perfused with 10% formaldehyde. In addition, after perfusion, the geese were kept in 10% formaldehyde for 1 week. Afterwards, thoracic spine was removed and thoracic part of spinal cord was excised. 5 µm thick sections were taken from these tissue samples by microtome. The crosssectional series were obtained by sampling from each segment at 250 th section. Twelve sections were taken from tissue specimens of every segment. The sections were stained by using haematoxylin-eosin and photographed on a microscope. Results: By using the Cavalieri's Principle, the volume densities (volume fractions) of thoracic segments of spinal cord, volume of white matter, and volume of grey matter in segments were calculated. Conclusions: In the study, total volume of the thoracic segment, volume of white matter, and the volume of grey matter, and the ratio of these volume values to each other were calculated. The SHTEREOM 1.0 software was used for calculating the volume of section specimens.

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With the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, it has been accepted that persons with disabilities have the right to participate in social life under equal conditions with other individuals, and it has been committed by the states parties to take the necessary measures to facilitate the full participation of persons with disabilities in social life. Accessibility is a precondition for access of disabled persons to social life, to employment, to education and to the remaining rights. Accessibility is also a human right. Today, 56% of the population lives urban areas in the world. Urban population ratio is much higher in developed countries. Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) data shows that 92% of the population lives in urban areas in Turkey by 2019. In addition to the disabled population, aging trend of the population and having more than 90% of the population lives in urban areas makes accessible city issue more important in Turkey. The first of the main criteria to ensure the full participation of the disabled and elderly living in the city to social life is to provide an accessible built environment and an uninterrupted accessibility chain in cities. In this study, Planned Areas Zoning Regulation is evaluated from the perspective of accessibility. Although needs some improvements, the regulation published in 2017, is supporting accessibility strongly in built environment. The study also presents that accessibility in buildings and an uninterrupted accessibility chain in cities are essential in terms of sustainable social policies regarding disabled and elderly people.