This study seeks to investigate the types and frequency of social media tools' use in academic libraries to determine their developmental impact in Turkey. It involves 66 universities in the Marmara region in total -24 (or 35%) are public and 42 (or 65%) are private -and only 60 of them have libraries.This data was collected by reviewing the libraries' web pages and analyzing them with some statistical tests via MS Excel. The results revealed that, in the Marmara region, 64% of libraries in private universities and 36% of libraries in public universities use social media tools. While 95% of public universities' libraries use social media tools, 5% of them do not use them, and while 90% of the libraries of private universities use these tools, 10% of them do not. In addition, it was found that the rate of the social media tools used by both groups of libraries are different: 33% use Foursquare, 26% use Facebook, 15% use Twitter, 5% use Google Plus, 4% use Blogs, YouTube, or Instagram, 3% use Pinterest or Flickr, 2% use Wordpress, and 1% use RSS.

Indoor air quality (IAQ) was investigated in two libraries of Bartin University. Particle matter, TVOC, and CH 2 O were measured simultaneously in different rooms of the libraries. Measurements were made by PCE-RCM 11 measuring device. They were conducted monthly between September 2019 and October 2020 for 2 weeks for each library. TVOC mean concentration was higher than the limit value reported by Seifert et al. ( 1999 ). PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations were higher in winter unlike TVOC and CH 2 O concentrations. The indoor seconder blowing dust was detected to be the most important source of particulate matter in the indoor environment. On the other hand, it was thought that the pollutants in the gas phase were affected by indoor and outdoor air temperature, indoor/outdoor air exchange rate, and indoor/outdoor pollutant sources. The parameters changed during the day and in different rooms of the libraries. Pollutants did not pose any hazard on human health, since the calculated HQ and HI ≤ 1 for both exposure groups. The indoor air of the libraries was detected to be slightly polluted and bad according to the IAQI and IEI, respectively. On the other hand, the indoor air quality of the libraries was good in terms of all parameters according to the IAQC. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10661-022-09818-8.

Digital literacy skills are important, for university students, who are qualified human resources of countries, to have the digital literacy skills to meet the needs of the current age. However, in university libraries where digital technology is used extensively, it is thought that users who do not have or have low digital lit-eracy skills will not benefit from these libraries in the maximum level possible. It is therefore recognized that the determination of the digital literacy levels of the users, to whom services are provided, is important in diversifying the services and training provided to the users. This study is conducted in order to determine the current awareness and skills of students in relation to digital literacy studying in the first grade of departments of Psychology, History, Turkish Language and Literature (TLL), and Contemporary Turkish Dialects and Literatures (CTDL) at Bartın University. Using quantitative research method, the data used in this study was obtained by using survey technique. Within the framework of the responses of 226 participants to the survey questions, the study investigated whether there were any differences between students' digital literacy skills and awareness on the basis of departments and technology usage habits. The study shows that students' skills and awareness about digital literacy vary according to the departments they study in and their technology usage habits. It is observed that the Psychology de-partment received the highest average for the information technology usage habits among the participants.

It is important for libraries and information centers at universities to develop innovative services for the future of the university library. The main purpose of this study is to draw attention to the innovative services in the university library. The role and importance of academic librarians will be examined. For this purpose, a survey was conducted concerning contemporary library services with the directors of library services in university libraries throughout Turkey. With the survey of the overall evaluation of innovative services in university libraries in Turkey is expected to contribute achievable. 162 university library questionnaires were sent by e-mail. 89 libraries responded to the questionnaire. Feedback has been 55%. According to the data obtained, in 50% of university libraries in Turkey innovative library services that are not subject librarian. Subject librarians despite the lack of creativity in the university library staff providing 94% of information and document management are found to be graduates. Innovative services performed in this university libraries in 28% of the seminar, 18% of interviews and 15% of author events, 9% had competitions and exhibitions are held. The university libraries surveyed 17% were identified in which no activity since. The libraries to announce innovative services to its users, in 38% of the web, 29% of social media, they benefit from orientation training for users at 26%. In the introduction of these services are mostly in the promotion of social media tools are used. Accordingly, university library services in the promotion of our innovative internet and communication tools are utilized frequently.