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Three decatungstates with short carbon chains as the cations, such as tetrabutylammonium decatungstate ([(C4H9)4N]4W10O32), tetramethylammonium decatungstate ([(CH3)4N]4W10O32), and benzyltriethylammonium decatungstate ([(C2H5)3NC7H7]4W10O32), were synthesized and then used as a catalyst in the extractive catalytic oxidative desulfurization (ECODS) system in the ionic liquid (IL) of [Bmim]PF6, and hydrogen dioxide (H2O2) was used as an oxidant. During the optimized process, the sulfur level in the model oil (1000 ppm S) can be reduced to 8 ppm, which is consistent with the standards of deep desulfurization. The temperature, the reaction time, and the amount of H2O2 and catalyst, as well as the type of the cations of decatungstates, all played vital roles in desulfurization efficiency, which were studied in detail to optimize the reaction conditions. The system could be recycled five times before the sulfur removal decreased sharply.

Novel BaMoO4 nestlike nanostructures assembled with single-crystal nanosheets have been successfully synthesized by using PVP (K30) as capping reagents under hydrothermal conditions. Detailed proofs indicated that the process of crystal growth was dominated by a crystallization−dissolution−recrystallization−self-assembly growth mechanism. The morphology of BaMoO4 evolved from several micro-compressed decahedrons to two-dimensional (2-D) nanoplates and to three-dimensional (3-D) nestlike nanostructures. The compressed decahedrons with rough surfaces synthesized in a very short time should have larger numbers of lattice defects which induce its state to be metastable. Room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra also reflected the evolution of intrinsic lattice and morphology. Both the concentration of PVP aqueous solutions and the concentration of initial reagents play important roles in the formation of the BaMoO4 nestlike nanostructure.

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