Eight walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes were assessed for the glutathione (GSH) and total phenolic contents (TPC), as well as their antioxidant capacities. The GSH contents were between 1.1 and 7.2 mg 100 g -1
Olive (Olea europaea) is an ancient and important crop in both olive oil production and table use. It is important to identify the genetic diversity of olive genetic resources for cultivar development and evaluation of olive germplasm. In the study, 14 microsatellite markers (UDO4, UDO8, UDO9, UDO11, UDO12, UDO22, UDO24, UDO26, UDO28, DCA9, DCA11, DCA13, DCA15, and DCA18) were used to assess the genetic variation on 76 olive (Olea europaea L.) genotypes from Mardin province together with 6 well-known Turkish and 4 well-known foreign reference cultivars. All microsatellite markers showed polymorphism and the number of alleles varied between 9 and 22, with an average of 14.57. The most informative loci were DCA 11 (22 alleles) and DCA 9 (21 alleles). Dendrogram based on genetic distances was constructed for the 86 olive genotypes/cultivars, which revealed the existence of different clusters. The high genetic similarity was evident between Bakırkire2 and Zinnar5 (0.74) genotypes, while the most genetically divergent genotypes were Gürmeşe5 and Yedikardeşler2 (0.19). It was concluded that there was abundant SSR polymorphism in olive germplasm in southern Anatolia in Turkey and could be important for future breeding activities.
Olive is a widely cultivated, mainly in the Mediterranean region, and economically important fruit species used as both olive oil and table olive consumption. In Turkey, more than 50 olive cultivars have been authorized for commercial plantations, representing the developmental base for the olive industry. The aim of the present study was to identify genetic relationships among the most widely grown 27 olive cultivars in Turkey, using microsatellite or simple sequence repeat markers. Nine well-known foreign olive cultivars from different countries are also included in the study to compare the Turkish cultivars. To determine genetic relationship and diversity, 10 SSR loci (DCA3, DCA9, DCA15, DCA18, UDO4, UDO9, UDO11, UDO12, UDO24, UDO28) were used. Jaccard's similarity coefficient and the UPGMA method for cluster analysis were performed using the software NTSYSpc. The results showed that the number of alleles per locus ranging from 4 (UDO4, UDO9, UDO11, UDO12, DCA15) to 12 (DCA9) presenting high polymorphism. There were no identical cultivars. High similarity was shown by cultivars Maviand Adana topağı (0.754). The most genetically divergent cultivars, Domat-Meski (0.240) and Domat-NizipYağlık (0.245), were also identified.
Medlar has acquired increasing popularity in recent years for its edible fruits and some healing properties in modern medicine. Medlar fruits are often stored under non-cold conditions in straw. This study was conducted to determine morphological and biochemical characteristics of medlar fruits and changes in fruit quality occurring under ordinary storage conditions. For this purpose, eight types of medlar trees were evaluated. The trees were at a mature stage and productive. Morphological properties such as the fruit and seed weight (g), length, and width (mm) were measured after the harvest. Fruit soluble solid content (%) and pH values were determined at physiological maturity after harvesting, and the fruit soluble solid content was measured again at ripening (edible stage), after 25 days of storage under ordinary storage conditions (mean temperature of 10 °C and mean humidity of 65-70%). Leaf characteristics were also determined. The tree productivity was very different between the types, and it was determined to range from 5.9 and 17.8 kg. The fruit weight varied from 9.69 to 24.45 g, while the water content decreased nearly to the half of the harvest values in some genotypes. The soluble solid content changed depending on the water losses and increased during the ripening period. The seed numbers ranged from 1.7 to 4.7 among the types, and the seed weight varied from 0.12 to 0.45 g. The fruits were able to reach ripening maturity in three weeks under the ordinary storage conditions depending on the type. Thus, this method of storage is practical for the medlar producer, but the results clearly showed that the storage period was too short and that the fruit quality was negatively affected. Cold storage conditions are needed to ensure quality and a long selling time.
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