Genetic Diversity Among Historical Olive (Olea europaea L.) Genotypes from Southern Anatolia Based on SSR Markers

Abstract

Olive (Olea europaea) is an ancient and important crop in both olive oil production and table use. It is important to identify the genetic diversity of olive genetic resources for cultivar development and evaluation of olive germplasm. In the study, 14 microsatellite markers (UDO4, UDO8, UDO9, UDO11, UDO12, UDO22, UDO24, UDO26, UDO28, DCA9, DCA11, DCA13, DCA15, and DCA18) were used to assess the genetic variation on 76 olive (Olea europaea L.) genotypes from Mardin province together with 6 well-known Turkish and 4 well-known foreign reference cultivars. All microsatellite markers showed polymorphism and the number of alleles varied between 9 and 22, with an average of 14.57. The most informative loci were DCA 11 (22 alleles) and DCA 9 (21 alleles). Dendrogram based on genetic distances was constructed for the 86 olive genotypes/cultivars, which revealed the existence of different clusters. The high genetic similarity was evident between Bakırkire2 and Zinnar5 (0.74) genotypes, while the most genetically divergent genotypes were Gürmeşe5 and Yedikardeşler2 (0.19). It was concluded that there was abundant SSR polymorphism in olive germplasm in southern Anatolia in Turkey and could be important for future breeding activities.

Genetic flow among olive populations within the Mediterranean basin

“…A detailed and unequivocal characterization of the germplasm cannot be achieved through only morphological descriptions, whereas molecular markers, such as microsatellites, still allow a more precise determination of cultivars ( Díez et al, 2011 ; Erre et al, 2010 ; Fendri et al, 2014 ). Indeed, SSRs have being extensively used in genetic studies, marker-assisted selection, cultivar identification, and varietal traceability of olive oil and table olives ( Pasqualone et al, 2016 ) due to their versatility in providing a quick assay and for their high informativeness related to high repeatability, codominant nature, specificity, and multiple alleles ( Cheng et al, 2009 ; Sakar, Hulya & Sezai, 2016 ).…”

“…Several studies have been performed to assess genetic diversity as a key action for the valorization of olive genetic resources. Such studies resulted in the description of more than 2,600 cultivars with a wide range of genetic variability in terms of oil content, fruit shape and size, and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses ( Boucheffa et al, 2017 ; Khaleghi et al, 2017 ; Montemurro et al, 2005 ; Sakar, Hulya & Sezai, 2016 ). It is well known that olive populations native to the Eastern and Western Mediterranean basin are genetically differentiated most likely because they have adapted to specific environments.…”

Venetian olive (Olea europaea) germplasm: disclosing the genetic identity of locally grown cultivars suited for typical extra virgin oil productions

“…A great deal of research has been devoted to apply SSR markers for the characterization of olive trees accessions due to the high degree of polymorphism, co-dominant inheritance and simplicity of detection of a high number of marker alleles per locus (Ayed et al 2016;Díez et al 2016). In the past, some authors have tested a number of SSR markers on a number of cultivars grown in different regions in order to assess the distribution of variability, establish relationships among varietal populations, infer the origin of cultivars (Mackay et al 2008;Barazani et al 2014;Sakar et al 2016), allocating olive cultivars to their geographic population of origin (Sarri et al 2006;Díez et al 2015).…”

Critical Aspects on the Use of Microsatellite Markers for Assessing Genetic Identity of Crop Plant Varieties and Authenticity of their Food Derivatives

“…Olive (Olea europaea L.) [23,25,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) [27,44,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70] Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) [15,19,24,[71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89] Wheat (Triticum spp.) [22,26,[90]…”