Protecting health-care workers from subclinical coronavirus infectionHealth-care workers face an elevated risk of exposure to infectious diseases, including the novel coronavirus in China. It is imperative to ensure the safety of healthcare workers not only to safeguard continuous patient care but also to ensure they do not transmit the virus. COVID-19 can spread via cough or respiratory droplets, contact with bodily fluids, or from contaminated surfaces. 1 According to recent guidelines from the China National Health Commission, pneumonia caused by COVID-19 was included as a Group B infectious disease, which is in the same category as other infectious viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and highly patho genic avian influenza (HPAI). How ever, current guidelines suggest ensuring protective measures for all health-care workers similar to those indicated for Group A infections-a category reserved for highly infectious pathogens, such as cholera and plague. 2 WHO confirmed 8098 cases and 774 (9•6%) deaths during the SARS outbreak in 2002, of which health-care workers accounted for 1707 (21%) cases.Recent evidence suggests that even someone who is non-symptomatic can spread COVID-19 with high efficiency, and conventional measures of protection, such as face masks,
Background: In 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 broke out in Hubei, China. Medical workers from all over the country rushed to Hubei and participated in the treatment and care of COVID-19 patients. These nurses, dedicated to their professional practice, volunteered to provide compassion and expert clinical care during the pandemic. As with other acts of heroism, the ethical dilemmas associated with working on the front line must be considered for future practice. Purpose: To explore the ethical dilemmas of frontline nurses of Jiangsu Province in China during deployment to Wuhan to fight the novel coronavirus pneumonia, and to provide a basis for developing strategies to help nursing staff address personal and practice concerns in order to work more effectively during this pandemic and other disasters in the future. Research design and method: Using the phenomenological research method and the purpose sampling method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 nurses, post-deployment to Wuhan, who had worked on the front line to fight the novel coronavirus. Ethical considerations: The research proposal was approved by the Research Ethic Committee of Yangzhou University, China. Findings: From the analysis of the interviews of the 10 participants, three main themes were identified: ethical dilemmas in clinical nursing, ethical dilemmas in interpersonal relationships, and ethical dilemmas in nursing management. Conclusion: During a quick response to public health emergencies, where nurses are deployed immediately as a call to action, the issues surrounding ethical dilemmas from several perspectives must be considered. This research suggests that a team approach to proactive planning and open communication during the emergency is an efficient and productive strategy to improve the nurses’ experience and sense of well-being.
Simulated microgravity (SM) has been implicated in affecting diverse cellular pathways. Although there is emerging evidence that SM can alter cellular functions, its effect in cancer metastasis has not been addressed. Here, we demonstrate that SM inhibits migration, gelatinolytic activity, and cell proliferation of an A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line in vitro. Expression of antigen MKI67 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) was reduced in A549 cells stimulated by clinorotation when compared with the 1×g control condition, while overexpression of each gene improves ability of proliferation and migration, respectively, under SM conditions. These findings suggest that SM reduced the metastatic potential of human lung adenocarcinoma cells by altering the expression of MKI67 and MMP2, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which may provide some clues to study cancer metastasis in the future.
Early pressure injury (PI) can result in either spontaneous healing (SH) or deterioration into ulcer (DU). However, determining whether PI will progress into SH or DU on the basis of non-blanchable erythema only is difficult. In this study, we constructed two animal PI models to mimic SH and DU injuries and observed haemorrhage by using ultraviolet (UV) photography to develop potential clinical indicators for predicting the progression of early PI. Macroscopy, UV photography, and skin temperature observations were obtained. In the SH group, macroscopic observation showed the erythema was obvious at 0.5 hours after decompression and faded gradually had almost disappeared at 72 hours. In the DU group, the erythema persisted, and an erosion appeared at 24 hours after decompression and expanded at 36 hours. The erythema developed into an obvious ulcer at 48 hours and enlarged at 72 hours. The obvious ulcer found at 48 hours through macroscopic observation was clearly visible at 36 hours with UV photography, and a significant difference in grey values between the two groups was found at as early as 18 hours (P < .05). This study provided evidence showing that UV photography can predict the different progression stages of early PI. Additionally, when combined with the transparent disc method, UV photography also can be used to identify the circulatory disorders of early PI, such as haemorrhage or hyperaemia and even congestion.circulatory disorders, early pressure injury, erythema, predicting progression, ultraviolet Key Messages• the principle of Hb absorption of UV is used to provide evidence of haemorrhage in the skin to predict the different progression of early PI. The combination of UV photography and the transparent disc method could Huiwen Xu and Yanwei Wang contributed equally to this work.
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