A novel bioflocculant CBF with high flocculating activity, produced by mixed culture of Rhizobium radiobacter F2 and Bacillus sphaericus F6 from soil, was investigated with regard to its production and flocculation performance in Al(III) removal. The most preferred carbon source, nitrogen source and C/N ratio (w/w) for strains F2 and F6 to produce CBF were glucose, urea and 20, respectively. The optimal inoculum size for CBF production was 10 % (v/v). The optimal initial pH, culture temperature and shaking speed were 7-8, 30C and 140 r/min for 24 h, respectively, under which the flocculating activity of the bioflocculant reached 98.52 %. According to literature review, flocculant dosage, coagulant aid dosage, pH, hydraulic condition of coagulation and sedimentation time are considered as influencing parameters for CBF flocculation performance in Al(III) removal by L16 (4 5 ) orthogonal design. The optimal conditions for Al(III) removal obtained through analysis and verification experiments were as follows: CBF, 28 mg/L; coagulant aid, 1.5 mL/L; initial pH, 8.0; and hydraulic conditions of coagulation: stir speed, 160 r/min; stir time, 40 s; and sedimentation time, 30 min. Under the optimal conditions, the removal efficiency of Al(III) was 92.95 %. Overall, these findings indicate that bioflocculant CBF offers an effective alternative method of decreasing Al(III) during drinking water treatment.
SummaryObjectiveTo investigate the effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) on apoptosis of lung tissue induced by steam inhalation injury in rabbit.DesignA prospective, randomized, controlled, multiple-group study.SettingAn animal research laboratory centre in a university burns centre.SubjectsNew Zealand rabbits (n = 32; 2.25 ± 0.25 kg) of either sex.InterventionsThe animals were ventilated by HFOV with a mean airway pressure of 10 cm H2O, a frequency of 10 Hz, an amplitude of 20 cm H2O, an inspiratory:expiratory ratio of 1:1, and an FiO2 of 1.0. After the induction of acute lung injury (ALI) by steam inhalation, the animals were randomly divided into four groups: CMV, HFOV, CMV + PLV, HFOV + PLV group. Then they were ventilated for 4 h by CMV, HFOV, CMV + PLV and HFOV + PLV, respectively. After the experimental period, cell apoptosis and apoptosis indexes in the lung tissue were assessed with TUNEL FragELTM (Fragment End Labeling).ResultsLung tissue apoptosis indexes in HFOV group and HFOV + PLV group were lower than that of in CMV group and CMV + PLV group; between-group comparison had significant difference (P < 0.01). HFOV + PLV group showed lowest apoptosis indexes.ConclusionHFOV combined with PLV can suppress lung tissue apoptosis induced by steam inhalation.
Using rice husk ash as raw material, low modulus sodium silicate was prepared and high dispersion white carbon black was prepared by chemical precipitation method. The effects of sulfuric acid concentration, reaction temperature and aging time on the oil absorption value (DBP). The high dispersion white carbon black was characterized by laser particle size analyzer, X-ray diffractometer, DBP and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that when the sulfuric acid concentration is 5%, the temperature is 85°C, and the aging time is 60min, the silica morphology is spherical, and the average particle size is about 5 micron, the oil absorption value is 2.82.
After saturated steam pretreatment and thermo-pressure drying, the moisture content decreased and the calorific value increased, thus the waste fungus chaff was transformed into new biomass energy. The physicochemical properties of the fungus chaff after thermo-pressure drying were tested to meet the standard of being used as biomass fuel. The experiment showed that: The thermo-pressure drying technology can stably reduce the moisture content of the fungus bran from more than 55% to less than 35%, and increase the received base calorific value from 4763.9kJ/kg to 12213.8kJ/kg, which meets the requirements of biomass power plants. The performance of volatiles, slagging property and other related fuels is improved, which lays an experimental foundation for the industrial implementation of biomass fuel.
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