In this work, we construct the largest dataset for multimodal pretraining in Chinese, which consists of over 1.9TB images and 292GB texts that cover a wide range of domains. We propose a cross-modal pretraining method called M6, referring to Multi-Modality to Multi-Modality Multitask Mega-transformer, for unified pretraining on the data of single modality and multiple modalities. We scale the model size up to 10 billion and 100 billion parameters, and build the largest pretrained model in Chinese. We apply the model to a series of downstream applications, and demonstrate its outstanding performance in comparison with strong baselines. Furthermore, we specifically design a downstream task of text-guided image generation, and show that the finetuned M6 can create high-quality images with high resolution and abundant details.

No abstract

Primary blepharospasm (BPS) is a focal dystonia characterized by involuntary blinking and eyelid spasms. The pathophysiology of BPS remains unclear. Several neuroimaging studies have suggested dysfunction of sensory processing and sensorimotor integration, but the results have been inconsistent. This study aimed to determine whether patients with BPS exhibit altered functional brain connectivity and to explore possible correlations between these networks and clinical variables. Twenty-five patients with BPS and 25 healthy controls were enrolled. We found that the patient group exhibited decreased connectivity within the sensory-motor network (SMN), which involved regions of the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area (SMA), right premotor cortex, bilateral precuneus and left superior parietal cortex. Within the right fronto-parietal network, decreased connections were observed in the middle frontal gyrus, dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus. Regarding the salience network (SN), increased connectivity was observed in the left superior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus. These findings suggest the involvement of multiple neural networks in primary BPS.

Apple fruits are rich in phenolic compounds that may enhance resistance to grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea. Using Malus domestica Borkh. cultivars Fuji and Qinguan, we analysed the contents of total phenols, total flavonoids, eight individual phenolic compounds, H2O2 and O2.− as well as the activities of key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway in the flesh of control and B. cinerea‐inoculated fruits. Chlorogenic acid contents increased for a short period in the less susceptible cultivar Qinguan fruits, but decreased in the disease‐susceptible Fuji fruits. Additionally, ferulic acid production was induced in both cultivars in response to B. cinerea. Furthermore, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamate 4‐hydroxylase, 4‐coumarate:coenzyme A ligase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase were differentially induced between the two apple cultivars. Remarkably, the contents of H2O2 and O2.− as well as the activities of enzymes in phenolic metabolism tested in this study were always higher in Qinguan fruits than in Fuji fruits. Our data imply that phenylpropanoid metabolism is closely associated with apple fruit resistance to grey mould disease. These findings may be useful for characterizing the mechanism(s) underlying plant resistance to B. cinerea, with potential implications for the screening of grey mould disease‐resistant apple varieties in breeding programmes.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract