Cantharellus macrocarpus, a member of Cantharellus subgenus Cantharellus, is described as a new species from Hainan Province, China. It is characterized by large basidioma with a bright yellow-orange pileus and a well-developed, rugulose hymenophore, cream to pale yellowish stipe, noticeably thickened hyphal walls in the pileipellis, presence of clamp connections in all parts of the basidiomata, and a distribution in tropical Asia. A phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from part of the 28S gene and the translation elongation factor 1-a gene (TEF1) confirmed that it forms an independent lineage within subgenus Cantharellus. A detailed description, color photos of fresh basidiomata and line drawings of micromorphological features are presented.

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The morphology and phylogenetic relationships of species of Hourangia (Boletaceae, Boletales) from China were investigated. Five phylogenetic species are recognized in the country; two of them, H. densisquamata and H. dilatata, are described as new; two of them, H. cheoi and H. nigropunctata, are previously described taxa, and the remaining one is not described due to the paucity of material. Besides specimens of Hourangia, collections of Aureoboletus were also made during field trips in China. The morphological and molecular data indicated that some collections labeled as A. cf. venustus or identified as A. venustus in previous studies represented a new species, therefore the new species A. erythraeus is described, and A. venustus is redescribed. A key to all known taxa of Hourangia is also provided.

Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus and Phlebopus portentosus (Boletales) are two non-ectomycorrhizal boletes, which are widely reported in tropical Asia. However, there is little information available about the taxonomy of these two boletes. Here, B. xylophilus and P. portentosus are redescribed based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from nuclear 28S rDNA (28S), nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF1) and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (RPB2). Detailed descriptions, color photos of fresh basidiomata, and line-drawings of microscopic features of the two taxa are presented.

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With the development of molecular techniques, several new species were discovered. In addition, some species were reassessed and new genera were established to accommodate certain taxa in

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Two new species of Chalciporus (Boletaceae, Boletales), viz. C. nigrofuscus and C. vulparius, are described based on morphological and molecular data. Detailed descriptions, color photographs of fresh basidiomata, and line drawings of microscopic features of the two new taxa are presented. In addition, a key to all known species of Chalciporus in China is provided.