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This study aimed to carry out a diagnosis of the cheese whey exploitation by the Brazilian dairy industry using a questionnaire survey. The dairy industries (n=100) were mainly from Southeast (55%) and South (25%) regions and supervised by the Federal Onspection System (80%). Most of them produced (67%) and processed (60%) sweet cheese whey, using it in whey dairy beverages (60%), Ricotta (20%), whey concentrate (15%), and milk blends (5%), which were resold for supermarkets (53%) or industries (20%). However, 27% of the industries discard whey in the effluent treatment system or use as animal feed, suggesting a market for using this by-product.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of conventional heat treatments (high-temperature-shorttime and low-temperature-low-time) and high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) on the physical stability and bacterial diversity of whole milk during refrigerated storage. HIUS processing used an energy density of 3 kJ/mL and an ultrasound intensity of 90 W/cm 2 . The most abundant bacterial genera found in raw milk were Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas. After processing and storage for 7 days, Acinetobacter, Kluyvera and Serratia were the dominant genera in almost all samples, and Pseudomonas was the most abundant in HIUS-processed milk. Only the HIUS process reduced the fat droplet size (<1 µm), providing better physical stability during the storage period.

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