Insulin resistance is a prevalent disorder among horses and is associated with abnormal adiposity, laminitis, equine metabolic syndrome, and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. The processes leading to equine insulin resistance and associated conditions remain subject for study. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulation of many biological processes and diseases. The current study aimed to investigate the circulating miRNA profile of insulin resistant horses and ponies. It was hypothesized that insulin resistant horses would have a different circulating miRNA profile compared to healthy ones. 12 Thoroughbred/ Thoroughbred-cross and 12 Welsh/Dartmoor non-pregnant mares were evaluated for insulin sensitivity using frequent sampling intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGTT). Serum samples were collected for miRNA profiling through RT-qPCR analysis. Horses and ponies were divided into insulin sensitive (IS) or insulin resistant (IR) groups and their miRNA profiles compared. Results demonstrated that 13 miRNAs were differently expressed between IR and IS horses, 15 between IR and IS ponies, 17 between horses and ponies, and 10 between IR and IS animals (horses and ponies combined) (p<0.05). Finally, 8 miRNAs were proposed as potential regulators of equine insulin resistance. miRNA profiling is a potential tool to evaluate insulin resistance and associated conditions.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of three herbal plants, Terminallia catappa, Camellia sinensis and Mentha piperita on the productive performance of Pyrrhulina brevis larvae. For the tests, a random design was used with five concentrations of aqueous extract of each plant (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1g L-1 ) and density of 10 larvae L-1 , with 4 replications, during 20 days of larviculture. The results showed that the use of the aqueous extract of T. catappa does not influence the increase in the zootechnical performance of the larvae, however, its use promotes better survival and uniformity of the batch. The use of aqueous extract of C. sinensis improves zootechnical performance at concentrations of 0.5 and 0.75g L-1 with an increase in weight and length, but does not influence the other parameters evaluated. And the use of M. piperita, in addition to promoting weight and length increment, improves uniformity and survival rates when used in concentrations equal to or greater than 5g L-1.
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