The current research sought to assess the effects of paulownia leaves extract (PLE) on performance, blood hematological, antioxidant activity, and immunological response of broiler chicken. In total, two hundred 1-day-old male Cobb500 chicks were allocated randomly into four equal treatments with 5 replicates. The first treatment served as a control (CNT) and was fed the basal diet only, while the other treated treatments were fed on the basal diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 g/kg diet of PLE, respectively. The performance results showed significant increments (P < 0.05) in live body weight (LBW), weight gain (WG), and European production efficiency factors (EPEIs) (linearly; p < 0.001) in cooperated with increasing PLE levels in broiler diets. At the same time, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and livability percentages were numerically enhanced under the effects of PLE supplementation. Moreover, a notable increase (P < 0.05 or 0.01) in oxidative remarks activity (GSH, glutathione; SOD, super oxide-dismutase and CAT, catalase) and elevated levels of immunoglobulin (IgM, immunoglobulin M and IgG, immunoglobulin G) were noted (P < 0.05) for treatments fed with PLE in a dose-dependent manner. Also, a dramatic linear increase was observed in mRNA expression of IGF-1, GHR, IL-1β, and IL-10 genes of broiler chickens. This study concluded that enriched broiler feeds with 0.5 g/kg PLE might be a beneficial strategy to promote broiler health and production.

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To evaluate the effects of different light colour temperatures on egg production parameters and heat shock protein gene expression (HSP 27) in Fayoumi chicken layers. Animals: 165 Fayoumi healthy pullets (17 weeks). Design: Randomized-controlled experimental study. Procedures: The birds were exposed to natural day light with photoperiod 12L: 12D, from 19th week, lighting schedule was gradually increased half an hour every week till it reached 16L:8D lighting schedule at laying at 24 weeks of age. At laying, the birds were allocated into three groups at a density of 9 birds/m2. The first group (control group) was exposed to cool white LED light (day light) (6500 kelvin). The second group was exposed to very cool white LED light (sky blue light) (10000 kelvin). The third group was exposed to warm white LED light (yellow light) (2700 kelvin) till the end of the experiment. Eggs were collected daily; egg number, weight and mass were recorded for each group. Liver samples were collected for RNA extraction. Results: The results showed that egg number, egg weight and egg mass were significantly increased in blue light group (P ≤ 0.05) and HSP 27 gene expression was significantly upregulated (P ≤ 0.05) in this group of chicken in comparison to the control group. Conclusion and clinical relevance:It is concluded that the blue LED light may be suitable for use in layer farms to optimize reproductive efficiency of birds.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of light color temperature on reproductive performance and expression pattern of GnRH-1 and FSH β genes in layers. At laying, 165 Fayoumi healthy pullets were separated in well ventilated 2 environmentally controlled rooms. Birds were allocated into three groups with 55 birds each (5 males and 50 females) till 3 months after laying, representing base generation (F0).Fertile eggs were collected and incubated, and the newly hatched chicks were also divided into three groups from first day of life till 3 months after laying representing first generation (F1). In the two generations, the first group was exposed to cool white LED light (day light) (6500 kelvin); the second group was exposed to very cool white LED light (sky blue light) (10000 kelvin) and the third group was exposed to warm white LED light (yellow light) (2700 kelvin). Expression profile of GnRH-1 and FSH β genes and serum level of FSH were evaluated in birds of the two generations. Blue light-exposed groups exhibited better reproductive performance, higher up-regulation of GnRH-1 and FSH β genes and increased FSH levels than those exposed to either the white or yellow light colors. Comparison between F0 and F1 revealed an improved profile for F1 birds. It therefore appears that Blue LED light could improve reproductive status of laying chicken.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different light colour temperatures on egg production parameters and heat shock protein gene expression (HSP 27) in Fayoumi chicken layers. Animals: 165 Fayoumi healthy pullets (17 weeks). Design: Randomized-controlled experimental study. Procedure: The birds were exposed to natural day light with photoperiod 12L: 12D, from 19th week, lighting schedule was gradually increased half an hour every week till it reached 16L:8D lighting schedule at laying at 24 weeks of age. At laying, the birds were allocated into three groups at a density of 9 birds/m2. The first group (control group) was exposed to cool white LED light (day light) (6500 kelvin). The second group was exposed to very cool white LED light (sky blue light) (10000 kelvin). The third group was exposed to warm white LED light (yellow light) (2700 kelvin) till the end of the experiment. Eggs were collected daily; egg number, weight and mass were recorded for each group. Liver samples were collected for RNA extraction. Results: The results showed that egg number, egg weight and egg mass were significantly increased in blue light group (P ≤ 0.05) and HSP 27 gene expression was significantly upregulated (P ≤ 0.05) in this group of chicken in comparison to the control group. Conclusion and clinical relevance: It is concluded that the blue LED light may be suitable for use in layer farms to optimize reproductive efficiency of birds.

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