No abstract

Non-thermal plasma activation promotes CO2 conversion over Ni catalysts supported on BETA zeolite via multiple reaction mechanisms.

No abstract

No abstract

The purpose of this work was to investigate the anti-depressant effect of genipin and its mechanisms using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis on a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model. Rat serum and urine were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics after oral administration of either genipin or saline for 2 weeks. Significant differences in the metabolic profile of the CUMS-treated group and the control group were observed, which were consistent with the results of behavioral tests. Metabolic effects of CUMS included decreases in serum trimetlylamine oxide (TMAO) and β-hydroxybutyric acid (β-HB), and increases in lipid, lactate, alanine and N-acetyl-glycoproteins. In urine, decreases in creatinine and betaine were observed, while citrate, trimethylamine (TMA) and dimethylamine were increased. These changes suggest that depression may be associated with gut microbes, energy metabolism and glycometabolism. Genipin showed the best anti-depressive effects at a dose of 100 mg/kg in rats. These results indicate that metabonomic approaches could be powerful tools for the investigation of the biochemical changes in pathological conditions or drug treatment.

This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of improving the properties of pea protein isolate (PPI) related to food applications via deamidation with glutaminase. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) profiling revealed that the current glutaminase treatment did not change the basic protein subunit composition. However, it allowed a certain extent of protein unfolding and conformational reorganization to generate more flexible and extended proteins with reduced average particle size and more hydrophobic groups exposed. The underlying mechanisms might include the reduction of β-sheets and antiparallel β-sheets and the increase of the β-turn structure. Moreover, the treatment time was of importance. A 12 h treatment was generally better than a 24 h treatment, and PPI treated with glutaminase at 50 °C for 12 h to a degree of deamidation of 56.1% exhibited significantly improved solubility, homogeneity, dispersibility, and suspendability with reduced beany flavor, grittiness, and lumpiness (compared to those of the untreated PPI). Thus, the glutaminase treatment offers a promising approach for enhancing the usability and applicability of pea proteins.

A systematic study of Ni supported on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) catalyst (i.e., 15Ni/UiO-66) for catalytic CO 2 hydrogenation under nonthermal plasma (NTP) conditions was presented. The catalyst outperformed other catalysts based on conventional supports such as ZrO 2 , representing highest CO 2 conversion and CH 4 selectivity at about 85 and 99%, respectively. We found that the turnover frequency of the NTP catalysis system (1.8 ± 0.02 s −1) has a nearly twofold improvement compared with the thermal catalysis (1.0 ± 0.06 s −1). After 20 hr test, XPS and HRTEM characterizations confirmed the stability of the 15Ni/UiO-66 catalyst in the NTPactivated catalysis. The activation barrier for the NTP-activated catalysis was calculated as~32 kJ mol −1 , being lower than the activation energy of the thermal catalysis (~70 kJ mol −1). In situ DRIFTS characterization confirmed the formation of multiple carbonates and formates on catalyst surface activated by NTP, surpassing the control catalysts (e.g., 15Ni/α-Al 2 O 3 and 15Ni/ZrO 2).

No abstract