BackgroundCotton Verticillium wilt is a serious soil-borne vascular disease that causes great economic loss each year. However, due to the lack of resistant varieties of upland cotton, the molecular mechanisms of resistance to this disease, especially to the pathogen Verticillium dahliae, remain unclear.ResultsWe used the RNA-seq method to research the molecular mechanisms of cotton defence responses to different races of Verticillium dahliae by comparing infected sea-island cotton and upland cotton. A total of 77,212 unigenes were obtained, and the unigenes were subjected to BLAST searching and annotated using the GO and KO databases. Six sets of digital gene expression data were mapped to the reference transcriptome. The gene expression profiles of cotton infected with Verticillium dahliae were compared to those of uninfected cotton; 44 differentially expressed genes were identified. Regarding genes involved in the phenylalanine metabolism pathway, the hydroxycinnamoyl transferase gene (HCT) was upregulated in upland cotton whereas PAL, 4CL, CAD, CCoAOMT, and COMT were upregulated in sea-island cotton. Almost no differentially expressed genes in this pathway were identified in sea-island cotton and upland cotton when they were infected with V. dahliae V991 and V. dahliae D07038, respectively.ConclusionsOur comprehensive gene expression data at the transcription level will help elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the cotton defence response to V. dahliae. By identifying the genes involved in the defence response of each type of cotton to V. dahliae, our data not only provide novel molecular information for researchers, but also help accelerate research on genes involved in defences in cotton.
BackgroundTumourous stem mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen et Lee) is an economically and nutritionally important vegetable crop of the Cruciferae family that also provides the raw material for Fuling mustard. The genetics breeding, physiology, biochemistry and classification of mustards have been extensively studied, but little information is available on tumourous stem mustard at the molecular level. To gain greater insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying stem swelling in this vegetable and to provide additional information for molecular research and breeding, we sequenced the transcriptome of tumourous stem mustard at various stem developmental stages and compared it with that of a mutant variety lacking swollen stems.ResultsUsing Illumina short-read technology with a tag-based digital gene expression (DGE) system, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly and gene expression analysis. In our analysis, we assembled genetic information for tumourous stem mustard at various stem developmental stages. In addition, we constructed five DGE libraries, which covered the strains Yong'an and Dayejie at various development stages. Illumina sequencing identified 146,265 unigenes, including 11,245 clusters and 135,020 singletons. The unigenes were subjected to a BLAST search and annotated using the GO and KO databases. We also compared the gene expression profiles of three swollen stem samples with those of two non-swollen stem samples. A total of 1,042 genes with significantly different expression levels occurring simultaneously in the six comparison groups were screened out. Finally, the altered expression levels of a number of randomly selected genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR.ConclusionsOur data provide comprehensive gene expression information at the transcriptional level and the first insight into the understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory pathways of stem swelling and development in this plant, and will help define new mechanisms of stem development in non-model plant organisms.
Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during development, flowering, plant growth, metabolism, and stress responses. Verticillium wilt is one of the vascular disease in plants, which is caused by the Verticillium dahlia and leads to yellowing, wilting, lodging, damage to the vascular tissue, and death in cotton plants. Upland cotton varieties KV-1 have shown resistance to Verticillium wilt in multiple levels. However, the knowledge regarding the post-transcriptional regulation of the resistance is limited. Here two novel small RNA (sRNA) libraries were constructed from the seedlings of upland cotton variety KV-1, which is highly resistant to Verticillium wilts and inoculated with the V991 and D07038 Verticillium dahliae (V. dahliae) of different virulence strains. Thirty-seven novel miRNAs were identified after sequencing these two libraries by the Illumina Solexa system. According to sequence homology analysis, potential target genes of these miRNAs were predicted. With no more than three sequence mismatches between the novel miRNAs and the potential target mRNAs, we predicted 49 target mRNAs for 24 of the novel miRNAs.These target mRNAs corresponded to genes were found to be involved in plant–pathogen interactions, endocytosis, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and the biosynthesis of isoquinoline alkaloid, terpenoid backbone, primary bile acid and secondary metabolites. Our results showed that some of these miRNAs and their relative gene are involved in resistance to Verticillium wilts. The identification and characterization of miRNAs from upland cotton could help further studies on the miRNA regulatory mechanisms of resistance to Verticillium wilt.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-564) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
A phylogenetic tree was constructed by sequencing rbcL genes of 33 species representing 19 genera of Ranunculaceae, and three related species, Mahonia bealei, Mahonia fortunei and Nandina domestica. The results showed that the rbcL sequences of these Ranunculaceae range from 1,346 bp to 1,393 bp. The results based on the phylogenetic tree indicated that Caltha and Trollius should not be put in the same tribe, and a close relationship betweenAdonis and Trollius is supported by our research, while Aquilegia should be in Thalictroideae. In combination with the morphological and chemical evidence, the generic classification of Ranunculaceae should be revised into five subfamilies: Hydrastidoideae, Coptidoideae, Helleboroideae, Thalictroideae and Ranunculoideae. We demonstrate that the rbcL gene is of great value for investigating generic to subfamilial relationships in Ranunculaceae.
Background Teosinte branched1/Cycloidea/proliferating cell factors (TCPs) are plant-specific transcription factors widely involved in leaf development, flowering, shoot branching, the circadian rhythm, hormone signaling, and stress responses. However, the TCP function in Brassica juncea var. tumida, the tumorous stem mustard, has not yet been reported. This study identified and characterized the entire TCP family members in B. juncea var. tumida. Methods We identified 62 BjTCP genes from the B. juncea var. tumida genome and analyzed their phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, protein motifs, chromosome location, and expression profile in different tissues. Results Of the 62 BjTCP genes we identified in B. juncea var. tumida, containing 34 class I and 28 class II subfamily members, 61 were distributed on 18 chromosomes. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis showed that the same clade genes displayed a similar exon/intron gene structure and conserved motifs. Cis-acting element results showed that the same clade genes also had a similar cis-acting element; however, subtle differences implied a different regulatory pathway. The BjTCP18s members were low-expressed in Dayejie strains and the unswelling stage of Yonganxiaoye strains. Treatment with gibberellin (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) showed that GA and SA affect the expression levels of multiple TCP genes. Conclusion We performed the first genome-wide analysis of the TCP gene family of B. juncea var. tumida. Our results have provided valuable information for understanding the classification and functions of TCP genes in B. juncea var. tumida.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.