With the rapid development of portable
and wearable devices, the
first priority should be given to safety, and furthermore, more attention
needs to be paid to polymeric supercapacitors operating in neutral
aqueous electrolytes. As a kind of cost-efficient and high-performance
electrode materials, core–shell polyaniline (PANi)/polypyrrole
(PPy) composite nanofibers are constructed continuously through flowing
polymerization in totally aqueous solution without any surfactants
and special templates. Moreover, the influences of PANi nanofibers
obtained in three different flowing configurations on the growth of
the PPy shell and capacitive behaviors of the composite nanofibers
are discussed. It is found that significant enhancement on charge
storage ability of the composite nanofibers in neutral electrolyte
could be achieved, benefiting from the formation of a more compact
PPy shell and strong synergistic interaction between the PANi core
and PPy shell. The maximal specific capacitance of 670.0 F g–1 was obtained at the current density of 1 A g–1 in Na2SO4 electrolyte, and the corresponding
assembled device exhibited a large energy density of 14.8 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 343.1 W kg–1. Such rational structural design and scalable fabrication are expected
to pave the way toward the development of conducting polymers as cost-efficient
electrode materials in portable and wearable devices especially operating
in neutral aqueous electrolytes.
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