Insomnia is a common disorder linked with adverse long-term medical and psychiatric outcomes, but underlying pathophysiological processes and causal relationships with disease are poorly understood. Here we identify 57 loci for self-reported insomnia symptoms in the UK Biobank (n=453,379) and confirm their impact on self-reported insomnia symptoms in the HUNT study (n=14,923 cases, 47,610 controls), physician diagnosed insomnia in Partners Biobank (n=2,217 cases, 14,240 controls), and accelerometer-derived measures of sleep efficiency and sleep duration in the UK Biobank (n=83,726). Our results suggest enrichment of genes involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, phototransduction and muscle development pathways and of genes expressed in multiple brain regions, skeletal muscle and adrenal gland. Evidence of shared genetic factors is found between frequent insomnia symptoms and restless legs syndrome, aging, cardio-metabolic, behavioral, psychiatric and reproductive traits. Evidence is found for a possible causal link between insomnia symptoms and coronary heart disease, depressive symptoms and subjective well-being.One Sentence Summary: We identify 57 genomic regions associated with insomnia pointing to the involvement of phototransduction and ubiquitination and potential causal links to CAD and depression.
or more medications from different classes, including a diuretic. We have previously reported that patients with rHTN exhibit heightened sympathetic tone when compared with those with crHTN. Therefore, this study sought to investigate sleep as a potential mediating mechanism underlying rHTN. We hypothesized that patients with rHTN would have more severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) than patients with crHTN as a contributing factor to their heightened sympathetic tone. Methods: Consecutive patients (n=80) from the UAB Hypertension Clinic with either rHTN (n=29) or crHTN (n=51) were evaluated by overnight polysomnography. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to compare sleep characteristics between these two groups of patients. Results: Compared with patients with crHTN, those with rHTN were younger (54.6 ± 9.9 versus 58.1 ± 11.6 years) and more likely to be black (75.9% versus 54.9%) and female (69.0% versus 37.3%). Patients with rHTN had more total sleep time (p=0.017) and more time spent in N2 sleep (p=0.002). There were no other significant differences in sleep architecture, number of awakenings, or time spent awake after sleep onset. Patients with rHTN had a higher sleeping heart rate (p=0.040). There were statistically non-significant trends for patients with rHTN to have a higher mean apnea hypopnea index (AHI), as well as for a larger percentage of these patients to have an AHI>5, although these trends were not statistically significant (p=0.367). Conclusion: These findings indicate that patients with rHTN do not exhibit worse OSA compared with patients with crHTN. Therefore, more severe OSA does not explain the heightened sympathetic tone observed in patients with rHTN. Support (If Any): This study was supported by NIH grant R01 HL113004 and grant 15SFRN2390002 from the American Heart Association. EFFECT OF AGE ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE SLEEP QUALITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME Introduction:Many previous studies have reported that self-reported global sleep quality and sleep duration are significantly related to the metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, it is no clear how chronological age affects the association between sleep quality and MetS and thus the aim of this study is to investigate age effect on this relationship. Methods: The cross-section baseline data of adult men and women (n=22,995, 23-79yr) were collected from health check-up study, including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) with concurrently collected components of MetS. Results: Poor sleep quality (PSQI≥6) and shorter sleep duration showed significant association in people with MetS than those without (20.9% vs 19.0%, p=0.004) after adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol, sex, and exercise. To better clarify the age effect, we classified them by the median age 40 y.. Among the older (> 40 y), global PSQI score was significantly higher (p=0.002) and sleep duration was shorter (p=0.007) in subjects with MetS compared to in those without
Purpose We aimed to assess symptoms in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection and to identify factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free. Methods COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP is a population-based prospective cohort of adults whose first on-site visits were scheduled ≥ 6 months after a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Retrospective data including self-reported symptoms and time to symptom-free were collected during the survey before a site visit. In the survival analyses, being symptom-free served as the event and time to be symptom-free as the time variable. Data were visualized with Kaplan–Meier curves, differences were tested with log-rank tests. A stratified Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of predictors, with aHR < 1 indicating a longer time to symptom-free. Results Of 1175 symptomatic participants included in the present analysis, 636 (54.1%) reported persistent symptoms after 280 days (SD 68) post infection. 25% of participants were free from symptoms after 18 days [quartiles: 14, 21]. Factors associated with prolonged time to symptom-free were age 49–59 years compared to < 49 years (aHR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56–0.87), female sex (aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65–0.93), lower educational level (aHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64–0.93), living with a partner (aHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66–0.99), low resilience (aHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.47–0.90), steroid treatment (aHR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–0.90) and no medication (aHR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62–0.89) during acute infection. Conclusion In the studied population, COVID-19 symptoms had resolved in one-quarter of participants within 18 days, and in 34.5% within 28 days. Over half of the participants reported COVID-19-related symptoms 9 months after infection. Symptom persistence was predominantly determined by participant’s characteristics that are difficult to modify.
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