This research aims to know and analyze the contribution of enterprise risk management and business strategy to the competitive advantage and company performance of shipping companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The company performance and competitive advantage of shipping companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange fluctuate and are decreasing. The enterprise risk which is not well-managed can result in a decrease in competitive advantage and company performance. The shipping companies having no competitive advantage will have poor performance and lose in the competition with similar companies. This research uses Path Analysis with the analysis tool of Partial Least Square SmartPLS3 and its path coefficient significance test using a t-test. The total number of samples is 65 consisting of 13 companies with five years of observation taken using the purposive sampling technique. The result of this research states that shipping companies in Indonesia can increase their company performance through enterprise risk management. So, the companies must practice enterprise risk management properly where the aspect of risk management is integrated into the company strategy. Shipping companies in Indonesia can also increase their company performance through competitive advantage so that they can increase their revenue. Shipping companies can increase their company performance through business strategy, so they must implement a business strategy.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the safety performance of state ships and commercial ships according to the requirements of Solas 1974. The requirements of Solas 1974 in the context of international shipping are mainly related to safety and security issues related to the tools and types of shipping safety. Application of the 1974 Solas Convention and the 2018 Solas Consolidation with the scope of discussion on international shipping is especially related to maritime protection. This study uses the Plan, Do, Check and Action (PDCA) evaluation model. The data was collected through the interview survey method and continued with statistical testing with the factor analysis technique. Respondents consisted of crews of commercial ships with a weight of over 500 GT and crews of pioneer ships as state ships anchored at the Port of Tanjung Priok. Research respondents totaled 57 crew members, consisting of 23 crew members of state ships and 34 crew members of commercial ships. The results of this research can be used as reference material in terms of safety and security as well as protection against environmental damage, in accordance with the transportation management system policy which includes; manuals, implementation policies, supporting implementation procedures, and work instructions for all stakeholders. The research output can be used as a basis for providing recommendations related to corrective actions to improve the marine transportation management system through the implementation of Solas 1974.

Online shopping has made changes in consumer behavior when shopping, especially in Indonesia, where online shopping continues to increase. For this reason, the question that arises then is how consumer perceptions are related to online shopping in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of consumer perceptions of online shopping in Indonesia, namely Tokopedia, Shopee, Bukalapak and Lazada. A total of 850 respondents throughout Indonesia were involved in this study. Consumer perceptions related to online shopping in this study are security, self-efficacy, usefulness, ease of use, quality of e-service (reliability, web design, trustworthiness, personalization and responsiveness), purchase intention and customer satisfaction. The distribution of the questionnaires was carried out using two methods, namely surveys and filling out via google forms which were then analyzed and analyzed using a descriptive statistical approach. The results show that consumers tend to agree regarding security, ease of use, self-efficacy, usefulness, quality of e-service, purchase intention and customer satisfaction. Only consumer perceptions have differences in views related to online and offline buying and selling. In addition, online transactions and privacy of individual data are still a concern for consumers. Finally, some limitations and suggestions for future research are also discussed in this study.

The purpose of this study to examine perceived value and complaint handling affect passenger satisfaction which, in turn, has an impact on passenger loyalty of some national ships with a capacity of 2,000 people. The problems that arise in the shipping on the routes along the Java Sea, Indonesia from Tanjung Priok Port Jakarta to Tanjung Perak Port Surabaya, East Java are the decreasing number of ship's passengers in the period of 2010-2018 and the tight competition in the service industry of passenger ship transportation characterized by many emerging private companies which also provide passenger ship transportation services. This study also compares the condition of transportation services with the same route provided by train and air transports. The data analysis in this study uses the analysis method of Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the statistical program AMOS version 20. Using the probability sampling method with simple technique of random sampling, it is obtained the number of samples in this study carried out in July 2019 as many as 250 ship's passengers. The result of this study shows that the variable with the biggest influence on customer loyalty is passenger satisfaction.