Production of renewable commodity chemicals from bio-oil derived from fast pyrolysis of biomass has received considerable interests, but hindered by the presence of innumerable components in bio-oil. In present work, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated an innovative approach combining atmospheric distillation of bio-oil with co-pyrolysis for mass production of renewable chemicals from biomass, in which no waste was produced. It was estimated that 51.86 wt.% of distillate just containing dozens of separable organic components could be recovered using this approach. Ten protogenetic and three epigenetic compounds in distillate were qualitatively identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and quantified by gas chromatography. Among them, the recovery efficiencies of acetic acid, propanoic acid, and furfural were all higher than 80 wt.%. Formation pathways of the distillate components in this process were explored. This work opens up a fascinating prospect for mass production of chemical feedstock from waste biomass.

Heavy-metal-polluted biomass derived from phytoremediation or biosorption is widespread and difficult to be disposed of. In this work, simultaneous conversion of the waste woody biomass into bio-oil and recovery of Cu in a fast pyrolysis reactor were investigated. The results show that Cu can effectively catalyze the thermo-decomposition of biomass. Both the yield and high heating value (HHV) of the Cu-polluted fir sawdust biomass (Cu-FSD) derived bio-oil are significantly improved compared with those of the fir sawdust (FSD) derived bio-oil. The results of UV-vis and (1)H NMR spectra of bio-oil indicate pyrolytic lignin is further decomposed into small-molecular aromatic compounds by the catalysis of Cu, which is in agreement with the GC-MS results that the fractions of C7-C10 compounds in the bio-oil significantly increase. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of the migration and transformation of Cu in the fast pyrolysis process show that more than 91% of the total Cu in the Cu-FSD is enriched in the char in the form of zerovalent Cu with a face-centered cubic crystalline phase. This study gives insight into catalytic fast pyrolysis of heavy metals, and demonstrates the technical feasibility of an eco-friendly process for disposal of heavy-metal-polluted biomass.

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A series of Co-doped EuFe 2−x Co x As 2 compounds were prepared in both of single crystalline and polycrystalline forms. The Co-doping effects on the crystal structure, electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility were systematically studied. Superconductivity was found in polycrystalline Co-doped samples from zero resistivity effects, with the highest onset superconducting transition temperature at 26 K in the optimum doped EuFe 1.84 Co 0.16 As 2 compound. While due to the stronger competition between the superconducting order and the Eu 2+ magnetic order, the zero resistivity effect is absent in the Co-doped single crystal samples.iron-pnictide, high-Tc, EuFe 2 As 2 , Co-doping, superconductivity

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Massively produced sewage sludge brings a serious problem to environment. Pyrolysis is a promising and bifunctional technology to dispose the sewage sludge and recover energy, in which a large amount of pyrolytic sludge char is also produced. In this study, we proposed a value-added utilization of sludge char. We prepared an adsorbent with ultrahigh capacity for hydrophobic organic pollutant (1-naphthol) by pyrolysis of sludge and removal of the ash moiety from the sludge char. The adsorptive behavior of the adsorbent is strongly dependent on the pyrolytic temperature of sludge, and the maximum adsorption capacity of 666 mg g(-1) was achieved at 800 °C, which is comparable to deliberately modified graphene. Further exploration indicated that the robust adsorption to 1-naphthol is attributed to the catalytic effect of ash in sludge which facilitated the formation of more orderly graphitic structures and aromaticity at high pyrolytic temperatures.

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