Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent reproductive and metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance (IR). Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid extracted from Chinese medicinal herbs that has been used as an insulin sensitizer. BBR may have a potential therapeutic value for PCOS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of BBR in comparison to metformin (MET) on the metabolic features of women with PCOS. Design and methods: Eighty-nine subjects with PCOS and IR subjects were randomized into one of three treatment groups: BBRCcompound cyproterone acetate (CPA; nZ31), METCCPA (nZ30), and placeboCCPA (nZ28) for 3 months. Clinical characteristics of the women and metabolic and hormonal parameters were assessed before and after the period of treatment. Results: Treatment with BBR in comparison to MET showed decrease in waist circumference and waistto-hip ratio (WHR; P!0.01), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC; P!0.05) as well as increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG; P!0.05). Similarly, treatment with BBR in comparison to placebo showed decrease in WHR, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment for IR, area under the curve of insulin, TC, LDLC, and TG (P!0.05) as well as increase in HDLC and SHBG (P!0.01). Conclusions: Intake of BBR improved some of the metabolic and hormonal derangements in a group of treated Chinese women with PCOS. Main effects could be related to the changes in body composition in obesity and dyslipidemia. Further controlled studies are needed for the assessment of the potential favorable metabolic effects of BBR in women with PCOS.

<p class="BodyText1">This article was designed to analyze the prognosis and to explore the clinical characteristics and treatment of a case of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the endometrium, through a detailed report. <strong>Methods</strong>: This report was done by analyzing a case through its clinical features, pathological examination and immunophenotyping. We believe that this would allow us to forecast the prognosis of the case. <strong>Case Description</strong>: The patient was admitted because of irregular postmenopausal vaginal bleeding for more than a month. She underwent a series of surgical procedures that included abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy, pelvic lymph node dissection and enterolysis owing to the assessed pathological results after uterine curettage. The postoperative pathological results showed that it was a DLBCL. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Primary DLBCL of the endometrium is rarely reported. Its diagnosis and differential diagnosis mainly depends on pathological examination and immunophenotyping. Radical surgery combined with chemotherapy may be an ideal mode of treatment. The prognosis of the disease has a varied range but radical surgery combined with chemotherapy may improve her quality of life and prolong her survival period.</p>