Suffusion and global backward erosion are two of the main internal erosion processes in earth structures and their foundations which may increase their failure risk. For other processes of internal erosion, different classifications exist in order to evaluate the soil erodibility, whereas in the case of suffusion and global backward erosion, no susceptibility classification is available. The absence of suffusion susceptibility classification may be due to the complexity of this process, which appears as the result of the coupled processes: detachment -transport -filtration of a part of the finest fraction within the porous network. Twelve soils, covering a large range of erodibility are tested with a specific triaxial erodimeter. Different criteria based on particle size distribution are compared in order to identify the potential susceptibility to suffusion. For the susceptibility characterization, a new energy based method is proposed. This method can be used for cohesionless soils and clayey sand and a single classification is obtained for suffusion tests realized under flow-rate controlled conditions or by increasing the applied hydraulic gradient. For several tests performed on a mixture of kaolinite and sand, suffusion of clay is accompanied by a global backward erosion process. Characterization of the development of clayey sand backward erosion is also addressed by this method. Finally a complete methodology is detailed for the suffusion and global backward erosion susceptibility characterization.

This paper deals with the experimental determination of the bond behaviour between ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) and reinforcing bars (rebars). An experimental campaign has been carried out to assess the bond behaviour considering different rebar diameters, different embedment lengths and different concrete covers. A relationship between bond strength, compressive strength and rebar diameter has been drawn from the results of this campaign and results found in the literature. Thanks to an original instrumentation method using Fiber-Optic Sensor, the local constitutive law linking the local relative displacement between UHPFRC and rebar and the bond stress has been determined and compared with the law proposed by fib Model Code 2010.

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Human emotions recognization contributes to the development of human-computer interaction. The machines understanding human emotions in the real world will significantly contribute to life in the future. This paper will introduce the Affective Behavior Analysis in-the-wild (ABAW3) 2022 challenge. The paper focuses on solving the problem of the valence-arousal estimation and action unit detection. For valence-arousal estimation, we conducted two stages: creating new features from multimodel and temporal learning to predict valence-arousal. First, we make new features; the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and Transformer are combined using a Regular Networks (RegNet) feature, which is extracted from the image. The next step is the GRU combined with Local Attention to predict valence-arousal. The Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) was used to evaluate the model.

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