The desert locust [Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal)] (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is one of the world’s most dangerous and destructive migratory pests. It is a highly voracious and polyphagous insect. Its swarms can travel hundreds of kilometers per day and infest areas covering millions of square kilometers, resulting in substantial crop losses. We synthesize published research data and reports on the life cycle, behavior, phases, and damage of the desert locust, as well as its possible management practices, in this study. There are diffi-culties involved in estimating locust populations because locust swarms are highly mobile. Cultural control, baiting, dusting with insecticide, and spraying liquid insecticides (chemical or biological) using ultra-low volume (ULV) application are all options for control-ling locust swarms. Improved knowledge on pest biology, as well as more efficient monitoring and control strategies, are essential com-ponents of an effective management strategy.
Plant Parasitic Nematodes are small worm like transparent, bilateral symmetry, pseudocoelomate, multicellular, free living or parasitic microorganism which are predatory, aquatic, terrestrial, entopathogenic, ectoparasite, endoparasite, semi-endoparasite or sedentary. They cause substantial problems to major crops throughout the world, including vegetables, fruits, and grain crops. The root knot and cyst nematodes are economically important pests in numerous crops. Crop damage from nematodes is not readily apparent in most cases, and it often remains hidden by the many other factors limiting plant growth. In the past, the control of the nematodes has been based on the synthetic nematicides, the number of which has been drastically restricted in the EU because of their environmental side effects and subsequent restriction in European Union (EU) rules and regulations. Many other methods like cultural control, biological control, use of biotechnological tools and methods, use of resistant cultivars are tested and proven successful in controlling different species of nematodes all over the world. Alternatively, combinations of the different methods are proven to be highly effective both economically and environmentally.
Seed priming is a pre-sowing seed treatment technique that enables the seed to emerge fast, raise vigor, and increase yield potential. Field research was done to evaluate the efficacy of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of okra in Nawalpur, Nepal. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized completely blocked design (RCBD) from May to June 2020. Open-pollinated variety Arka anamika with four treatments (T1; priming with tap water for 24 hours, T2: priming with hot water at 500c for 5 minutes, T3: priming with cow’s urine at 2% concentration for 3 hours, and T4: priming with NaCl at 3% concentration for 12 hours) was evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design that included five replications for each treatment. The germination study was done for 10 days after sowing whereas the seedling growth parameter was done after germination up to 15 DAS. The result of the study showed that the highest germination percentage (72%), seed vigor (1451.00 cm), and plant height (9.19 cm) was observed in seed primed with hot water. Similarly, the lowest mean germination time MGT (1.66 days) and highest shoot length (10.68 cm) were observed in seeds primed with NaCl. Overall, seed priming with hot water and NaCl were found effective to ameliorate germination and seedling growth in okra under field conditions in Nawalpur.
Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is an integrated approach that transforms the agri-food system and mitigates climate change. They connect the use of farming techniques in order to increase food productivity, Climate resilient practice, and decrease greenhouse gases. The main aim of this review is to demonstrate the typical interrelationship between climate and agriculture and get knowledge regarding this. In addition, focus on traditional agriculture along with its mitigating measures for climate agriculture. They approach collective development practices through the efforts of individuals in order to manage agriculture and the food system under climate change. Therefore, there is an increasing need for a strategic plan to balance agriculture and the food system.
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