RESUME Cette étude, conduite dans le terroir villageois de Bagga dans la région de Tahoua, portant sur les usages de Combretum micranthum G.Don dans la pharmacopée traditionnelle, a pour objectif d'identifier les niveaux des connaissances et les usages de la plante dans la pharmacopée, en vue de soigner les maladies humaines ou animales. Pour ce faire, 150 personnes, dont 38,8% des femmes et 61,20% d'hommes, ont été interviewées afin d'avoir des renseignements sur les connaissances et modes d'usages de l'espèce dans la pharmacopée. La méthodologie a consisté d'abord par des enquêtes individuelles, afin de recueillir diverses données auprès de ces personnes, puis un focus groupe, afin de confirmer la véracité des données fournies et de collecter celles omises lors des enquêtes individuelles. Ainsi, Combretum micranthum est le plus souvent utilisé par les Haoussa, dans les traitements des maladies humaines comme la dysenterie, le cancer, les démangeaisons et les coliques, avec des fréquences d'utilisations respectives de 39,78%, 16,57%, 10,50% et 9,39%. Parmi les parties utilisées, on note les feuilles, les racines, les écorces, les fleurs et les graines avec des fréquences respectives de 77,65%, 15,88%, 2,94%, 1,76% et 1,76%. Ainsi, il ressort qu'il y a une différence significative (p < 0,05) entre les ethnies enquêtées, pour le traitement de la dysenterie et la différence est hautement significative (p < 0,01) entre ces ethnies pour le traitement du cancer et les affections urinaires. Dans le domaine animal, les maladies les plus souvent traitées sont la diarrhée, la fièvre, le cancer et les troubles digestifs, avec des fréquences d'utilisations respectives de 52,17%, 26,09%, 13,04% et 8,7%. Une étude portant sur les analyses chimiques des organes de la plante sera conduite au cours des recherches futures, afin de confirmer les assertions paysannes sur les vertus médicinales de l'espèce.

Air quality has been a major health issue in urban areas in recent decades. Human activities release a large number of pollutants into the atmosphere which has a direct impact on plant health and leads to ecosystem degradation. The objective of this study is to contribute to a better evaluation of the impact of the air quality of the city of Togo on biological resources. The determination of pollutants was done on samples of plant species with a strong link with the source of pollution. The determination of Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) was done by the ripper method. The determination of carbon and estimation of CO 2 and CO by the colorimetric method. The determination of nitrogen was done by the Kjeldhal method. The results showed that at the industrial level the amount of CO 2 in Alternanthera repens is high with a value of 53.3911 mg/ml. On the other hand, the quantity of CO in Senna occidentalis is 44.3619 mg/ml. In Pithecellobium dulce, the quantity of SO 2 and NO 2 are evaluated respectively to 0.1588 mg/ml and 0.3696 mg/ml. Regarding to the dumps, the quantity of CO 2 in Newbouldia laevis is very high with a value of 65.8508 mg/ml. On the other hand the amount of CO in Senna occidentalis is 51.6106 mg/ml. The quantity of SO 2 in Newbouldia laevis is 0.2101 mg/ml and NO 2 in Ocimum canum is 0.2744 mg/ml. At the level of roads, the quantities of CO 2 and CO in Eragrostis tenella are very high with values respectively equal to 74.4092 mg/ml and 62.2654 mg/ml. On the other hand, the amount of NO 2 in Amaranthus sp is 0.2304 mg/ml and that of SO 2 in Eragrostis Tenella is 0.1691 mg/ml. The use of a plant bioindicator sensitive to pollutants, allowed concluding that the air of the city of Lome is polluted.

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As the consequence of anthropic pressure along with climatic factors, the vegetation of the hills of Bassar is degrading day after day and a regression of many woody species is observed. Vitellaria paradoxa is a highly valued multi-use species, but it is threatened with extinction in the area. The "bell" and "L" shapes of the diameter class distribution histograms reflect aging and/or disturbed populations. Stand disturbance is illustrated by the low proportion of large diameter class individuals. The "L" shape reveals an advanced state of degradation characterized by a near absence of large diameter trees. The study of the natural regeneration of Vitellaria paradoxa on the hills of Bassar shows that the density of regeneration by seedlings, shoots and suckers depend on the diameter of the individual stem. The larger the diameter increases, the higher the density of seedlings becomes. However, plantlets stemming from seedlings are higher, and weaker from suckers and shoots. The density of Vitellaria paradoxa seedlings is lower in shrub savannahs than in tree savannahs. The analysis of variance showed that whether under the crown or outside the crown, there was a significant difference between individuals from regeneration in all the formations studied. In the inventory plots, the densities of young trees are equally variable under the crown and outside the crown as those of large trees.

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