In this study the humoral and cell mediated immune responses and protective effect induced in BALB/C mice immunized with Brucella melitensis periplasmic proteins precipitated with ammonium sulphate at 50% saturation (BCSP50) or precipitated with ammonium sulphate 70% saturation (BCSP70) were evaluated. Serological results of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) indicated that the immunoglobulin G increased as a response to inoculation of these antigens. Lymphocyte proliferation (LP) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) also increased due to immunization with BCSP70 and BCSP50. However, immunization of mice with BCSP70 and BCSP50 suppressed splenic infection resulting in reduction in the numbers of CFU per spleen compared to non immunized controls. Overall results suggested that BCSP50 was more effective in inducing protective immunity to Brucella melitensis biovar3 infection than BCSP70. Histopathological examination of mice of group (1) revealed deplesion of white pulp and proliferation of reticuloendothelial cells in spleen, activation of kupffer cells with degenerative changes in hepatocytes and granulomatous reaction in liver, interstitial pneumonia and hyperplastic proliferation of bronchial epithelium in lung, degenerative changes of renal tubules and hypercellularity of glomeruli. While group II and III which were immunized either by BCSP70 or BCSP50 revealed lesions in all specimens were of much moderate nature indicating the protective effect of them against Brucella melitensis with attention that the later has more protective effect.
BackgroundBrucellosis is a significant animal disease communicable to humans that affects cattle worldwide. It is spreading disease in many developing countries. Brucellosis in farm animals induces serious economic costs in undeveloped countries and causes serious health hazards to dairy users. Sensitive and accurate diagnostic techniques are necessary for disease surveillance and management. FindingsIn this investigation, the overall prevalence of brucellosis in examined animals was 34.91% by MRT, while i-ELISA showed 33.96% prevalence. the sensitivity and specificity of MRT were 93.55%, and 89.33% and ELISA were 96.77%, 92 % respectively. whereas, the false positive was 10.67% and 8.00% for MRT and ELISA respectively. Brucella microorganism was isolated in 25.47 % milk samples, all Brucella strains were determined as B. melitensis biovar 3. By conventional PCR and real-time PCR, 28.3% of samples were positive. The results showed that the sensitivity of bacteriological culture, Conventional PCR, and Real-time PCR was 87.10%,96.77%, 96.77% respectively while specificity was 100% each, and estimated false positive was zero% each.ConclusionThe milk ELISA had detected high sensitivity and specificity than those of the milk ring test. B. melitensis biovar 3 is the predominant strain isolated in the milk of cows with reproductive disorders. The PCR's high sensitivity and specificity, as well as its speed, and low risk to laboratory workers, make it an extremely useful technique for brucellosis diagnosis. The possibility of contaminated raw milk and raw dairy products has surfaced, providing a serious public health threat.
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