A novel air-flow generator based on the effect of ion wind has been developed by the simultaneous generation of both positive and negative ions using two electrodes of opposite polarity placed in parallel. Unlike the conventional unipolar-generators, this bipolar configuration creates an ion wind, which moves away from both electrodes and yields a very low net charge on the device. The electro-hydrodynamic behaviour of air-flow has been experimentally and numerically studied. The velocity of ion wind reaches values up to 1.25 m/s using low discharge current 5 μA with the kinetic conversion efficiency of 0.65% and the released net charge of -30 fA, 8 orders of magnitude smaller compared with the discharge current. Due to easy scalability and low net charge, the present configuration is beneficial to applications with space constraints and/or where neutralized discharge process is required, such as inertial fluidic units, circulatory flow heat transfer, electrospun polymer nanofiber to overcome the intrinsically instability of the process, or the formation of low charged aerosol.
We report an application of ion wind in angular rate sensing. A new design of a jet flow gyroscope using ion wind corona discharge is developed by conducting a numerical simulation and then an experimental analysis with regard to the advantages of a corona-discharge-based jet flow. Ion wind is generated by applying a high-voltage between a pin, as the discharge electrode, and a ring, as the reference electrode. The current-voltage characteristics of the discharge process by experimental works is set up as the boundary condition to describe the ion wind flow in the numerical simulation. A jet flow of ion wind is observed through an experiment and a simulation. When the gyroscope is subjected to an angular rate, the induced Coriolis force deflects the ion wind. This deflection is detected using four hotwires installed downstream of the working chamber behind the reference electrode. The experimental result show that the angular rate can be detected with a sensitivity of 4.7 µV/ o /s. Because ion wind can be generated with minimum power and does not require any vibrating components, the device is robust, consumes low power, and is cost-effective.
In this paper, we report a further study of flow-network generating four jet flows which circulate in a sealed device to experimentally investigate the feasibility and efficiency of a dual-axis gyroscope. The experiment is carried out successfully and the experimental results reasonably agreed with those obtained by numerical analysis using OpenFOAM. The flow rectifying coefficient is determined using the mathematical lump model for a vibrating system, which takes into account of the device geometry and resonant frequency. Experimental and numerical results demonstrate that the coefficient of the new system developed in this study is significantly higher than those of conventional designs. The hotwire-integrated device which can function as a dual-axis gyroscope is tested using a turntable with speeds up to 1900 rpm. The scale factor and cross-sensitivity of the system are 0.26 μVs/° and 1.2 %, respectively. The cross-sensitivity and the effects of linear acceleration, actuating voltage on the diaphragm, heating power and position of hotwires are also investigated.
In this paper, we report on the design, simulation, and experimental analysis of a miniaturized device that can generate multiple circulated jet flows. The device is actuated by a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) diaphragm. The flows in the device were studied using three-dimensional transient numerical simulation with the programmable open source OpenFOAM and was comparable to the experimental result. Each flow is verified by two hotwires mounted at two positions inside each consisting chamber. The experiment confirmed that the flow was successfully created, and it demonstrated good agreement with the simulation. In addition, a prospective application of the device as an angular rate sensor is also demonstrated. The device is robust, is minimal in size, and can contribute to the development of multi-axis fluidic inertial sensors, fluidic amplifiers, gas mixing, coupling, and analysis.
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