This report aimed to describe a case of peripheral neuropathy in a copper-deficient goat, and highlights the clinical, and pathological features of the disease. The goat had low body score, hyporexia, alopecia, achromotrichia, left hindlimb protraction, paralysis with dragging of digit and difficulty to stand up and microcytic normochromic anemia. Copper concentration in serum was markedly lower (2.0µmol L-1) whereas the iron serum content was significantly increased (51.0µmol L-1). The main gross alteration was the reduction of the quadriceps vastus laterallis muscle volume. Histologically, there was atrophy of the quadriceps vastus laterallis muscle and presence of satellite cells, infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages and replacement of the fibers by connective tissue. In the femoral nerve, there was axonal degeneration with myelin sheath expansion and presence of vacuoles, usually in chains and containing axonal debris or macrophages. Clinical, laboratorial and pathologic findings are consistent with peripheral neuropathy due to a severy copper deficiency.
Swainsonine-containing plants comprise a group of important poisonous plants in Brazil. This research aimed to characterize both the behavioral changes related to reproduction and appearance of lesions in the reproductive system of bucks poisoned by Ipomoea brasiliana. I. brasiliana plants were collected and administered at a dose of 4g/kg (800µg swainsonine/kg) to two groups of bucks for 45 days. Goats from Group I were euthanized on the 46th day of the experiment, and goats from Group II were euthanized on the 120th day. Group III was composed of goats that did not receive I. brasiliana and were euthanized on the 120th day of the experiment. Reproductive behavioral changes were observed starting on day 20 and were characterized by an absence of courtship behavior, and Flehmen reflex, decrease or loss of libido and inability to perform mating. After 120 days, Group II goats showed no regression of the changes in their reproductive behavior or improvement of their seminal parameters. The main defects observed in the sperm of goats that consumed I. brasiliana were cytoplasmatic droplets, bent tails and detached tails. The main histopathological findings were reported in tests, with cytoplasmic vacuolization of germline and Sertoli cells, generalized impairment of spermatogonia maturation with exfoliation of degenerative cells, cell fragments, rare abnormal spermatocytes in the seminiferous lumen and disappearance of Leydig cells. Results of this study confirmed the hypothesis that I. brasiliana causes testicular degeneration in male goats.
ResumoA Febre Catarral Maligna (FCM) é uma doença infecciosa viral que afeta bovinos e cujo agente etiológico é o herpesvírus ovino tipo 2 (OHV-2). No nordeste brasileiro a doença tem sido subnotificada restringindo-se a poucos relatos. Neste trabalho descreve-se um surto de FCM em uma propriedade situada no município de Limoeiro, Agreste de Pernambuco. O rebanho era formado principalmente por ovinos da raça Santa Inês, composto por 140 animais em diferentes fases de criação, além de um lote de 40 bovinos mestiços da raça nelore criados sob regime semiextensivo. Três bovinos apresentaram sinais clínicos que consistiam principalmente em opacidade bilateral das córneas, sialorreia, úlceras cutâneas na face, mucosa oral, língua, espaços interdigitais e regiões abdominal e lombar. As fezes eram líquidas, de coloração enegrecida e odor fétido. Os achados microscópicos consistiram principalmente em vasculite com infiltrado inflamatório em vários tecidos, tais como rins, abomaso, língua e em vasos da rete mirabile carotídea. Foi realizada a análise de nPCR em amostras de tecido, onde houve amplificação no tecido nervoso de herpesvírus ovino tipo 2. Este trabalho confirma a importância da FCM para o rebanho de bovinos da região, sobretudo em criações consorciadas com ovinos, e evidencia a necessidade da realização de investigações epidemiológicas para o diagnóstico onde a doença não foi confirmada em Pernambuco.Palavras-Chave: herpesvirus; vasculite; bovino. AbstractMalignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is an infectious viral disease of cattle and the etiological agent is ovine herpesvirus type 2 (OHV-2). In northeastern Brazil, the disease has been underreported. This work aims to describe an outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever in a flock of cattle in the municipality of Limoeiro, in the Agreste of Pernambuco. The herd consisted mainly of 140 Santa Inês sheep of different ages and a lot of 40 crossbred Nelore cattle raised in semi-extensive management. Three cattle presented clinical signs consisting mainly in bilateral opacity of the corneas, sialorrhea, skin ulcers on the face, oral mucosa, tongue, interdigital spaces and abdominal and lumbar regions. The faeces were liquid, blackened and had fetid odor. Microscopic lesions consisted of vasculitis of various tissues, such as kidneys, abomasum, tongue, and vessels of the rete mirabile. nPCR analysis was performed and there was amplification of OHV-2 from central nervous system samples. This work confirms the importance of FCM for cattle herds in the region, especially in intercropping with sheep, and evidences the need to carry out epidemiological investigations for diagnosis where the disease was not confirmed in Pernambuco.
ResumoA paratuberculose é uma doença infecciosa causada por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), um bacilo álcool-ácido resistente (BAAR), que se replica nos macrófagos da lâmina própria do intestino delgado e grosso, e que acomete principalmente ruminantes domésticos e selvagens. Os sinais clínicos observados cursam com enterite granulomatosa e crônica. Devido à má absorção de nutrientes, os animais afetados apresentam perda progressiva de peso, mau estado corporal e óbito. Objetivou-se descrever os aspectos clínicos e patológicos de casos de paratuberculose no município de Carpina, Zona da Mata de Pernambuco. Dois bovinos mestiços com holandês foram examinados clinicamente e necropsiados. Os principais sinais clínicos consistiram em pelos quebradiços e sem brilho, perda progressiva de peso, desidratação e diarreia. À necropsia observou-se os linfonodos mesentéricos aumentados de volume, esbranquiçados e edemaciados. No intestino delgado as lesões consistiram em espessamento da mucosa intestinal, principalmente da prega ileocecal. Na avaliação histológica visibilizou-se acentuado infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso difuso na mucosa intestinal com numerosos macrófagos com aspecto epitelióide, células gigantes de Langhans, além de bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes (BAAR) visualizados através da coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN). Este trabalho demonstra a ocorrência de casos de paratuberculose no município de Carpina, na Zona da Mata de Pernambuco.Palavras-Chave: doença de Johne; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis; enterite granulomatosa. AbstractParatuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), an alcohol-acid resistant bacillus (BAAR), which replicates in macrophages of the lamina propria of the small and large intestines, affecting mainly domestic and wild ruminants. The clinical manifestation is often observed in adult cattle and consists of a granulomatous and chronic enteritis. Due to malabsorption of nutrients, affected animals present progressive weight loss and poor body condition, which can lead to death. This work aims to describe the clinical and pathological aspects of paratuberculosis cases affecting a flock of cattle in the municipality of Carpina, in the Forest Region of Pernambuco State. Two crossbreed cows were affected and necropsied. The main clinical signs consisted of brittle and opaque hair, progressive weight loss, dehydration and diarrhea. Gross lesions consisted of enlarged, whitish and swollen mesenteric lymph nodes. In the small intestine, lesions consisted of thickening of the intestinal mucosa, mainly of the ileocecal fold.
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