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ABSTRACT. The incidence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in broiler farms was 33.9% (19/56). C. jejuni-positive flocks accounted for 20.0% (17/85) and C. coli-positive ones was 4.7% (4/85). There were 14 patterns (fla type) of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of flagellin A gene among these 22 strains of C. jejuni and C. coli including the standard strain C. jejuni ATCC 33560. Different fla types of Campylobacter were isolated from broilers in different growing cycles on the same farms. Four strains of C. jejuni were isolated from four breeder farms and four fla types of C. jejuni were detected from their progenies reared on growing farms. Three fla types of C. jejuni detected from the progenies were different from those of each breeder. Also, the other three fla types of C. jejuni were detected from different progenies of each growing farm during the next growing cycle. These findings indicate that the RFLP analysis may contribute to epidemiological studies of C. jejuni and C. coli contamination of broilers and suggest the risk of contamination with different types of Campylobacter in every growing cycle of broilers on the farm even on the same farm. They also supported that there was little likeliness of the vertical transmission of C. jejuni and C. coli from breeders to broilers. -KEY WORDS : broiler, Campylobacter jejuni, flagellin gene typing, PCR, restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Ten strains of rapidly growing, non-photochromogenic mycobacteria were isolated from submandibular lymph nodes with tuberculosis-like lymphadenitis of 10 swine. These mycobacteria showed a positive reaction for arylsulfatase activity after 3 days and resistance to NH20H HCl(O.5 mg/ml) and degraded paminosalicylate, forming black formazan. These strains were similar to Mycobacterium fortuitum, but differed from this species by lacking nitrate reduction activity, having positive succinamidase activity, and having the ability to utilize benzoate as a sole source of carbon in the presence of ammoniacal nitrogen. These mycobacteria were considered to belong to a new species, Mycobacterium porcinum sp. nov. The type strain was deposited in the American Type Culture Collection as strain ATCC 33776 (= E10241-1).In 1973, Tsukamura and Nemoto (5) studied the biological characteristics and serotypes of Mycobacterium intracellulare strains isolated from submandibular lymph nodes of swine. A total of 25 strains of mycobacteria were isolated from lymph nodes showing tuberculosis-like lymphadenitis of different animals. Of these, 21 belonged to M . intracellulare. The remaining four were rapidly growing, non-photochromogenic mycobacteria. Of these four, three were idqntified as Mycobacterium fortuitum, and one was believed to belong to a new species. However, this single isolate was not named at that time. Subsequently, we isolated the same organism from the lymph nodes of nine other swine. Ten strains of this organism were studied. In the present study, the characteristics of these strains are described, and the species is designated Mycobacterium porcinum sp. nov. MATERIALS AND METHODSTest strains were isolated from submandibular lymph nodes with tuberculosis-like lymphadenitis by inoculating lesion material onto Ogawa egg medium. The isolates were lyophilized until examination. Nine additional strains of rapidly growing, non-photochromogenic mycobacteria belonging to another species were also isolated from the lymph nodes. These also were examined in this study. The new isolates were compared with the type strains of all known rapidly growing mycobacteria.The characters tested and the methods used were those described previously (4).The characters of the test strains were compared numerically by using the matching coefficient (M value). The M value between any two strains was calculated by the following equation: M value = (n, X 100%)l(n, + nd), where n, is the number of characters that show similar code symbols and nd is the number of characters that show different code symbols. The range of values for a species was expressed as follows: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONA total of 19 strains isolated from porcine lymph nodes were divided into two distinct groups, and both of these groups were very homogeneous. The 10 strains of M. porcinum sp. nov. and the 9 strains identified as M . fortuitum had the following similar properties: all were acid-fast, short or long rods; all produced neither permanent nor fragmenting mycelium; all sh...

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A serological test for the assay of Neisseria antibody would be a valuable asset in the study of neisserial infections. Such a test, using bentonite particles sensitized with phenol-extracted and acetone-precipitated antigens from Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis, has been developed. It has proved to be sensitive and specific in titrations against species-specific immune rabbit sera.In a survey of 454 human sera received from the Special Treatment Clinic (Ottawa), 77% of male gonorrhoea patients and 78% of the females had circulating gonococcal antibodies detectable by this test. Ninety-six percent of the control sera were negative. It is suggested that the bentonite technique could be used as an adjunct in the diagnosis of gonorrhoea.